The spatial ring-shaped distribution of atoms in a magneto-optical trap, produced by misaligned Gaussian laser beams, is investigated with respect to the increase in the number of trapped atoms. Experimental observation of the bifurcation of a single ring into a double-ring structure is reported and explained using a model that includes radiation force due to reabsorption of photons together with the conventional radiative force.

• Received 29 March 1999

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.60.2591