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Volume 157, Issue 2

Polyamine biosynthesis and transport mechanisms are crucial for fitness and pathogenesis of Free

Abstract

Polyamines such as cadaverine, putrescine and spermidine are polycationic molecules that have pleiotropic effects on cells via their interaction with nucleic acids. (the pneumococcus) is a Gram-positive pathogen capable of causing pneumonia, septicaemia, otitis media and meningitis. Pneumococci have a polyamine transport operon () responsible for the binding and transport of putrescine and spermidine, and can synthesize cadaverine and spermidine using their lysine decarboxylase () and spermidine synthase () enzymes. Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that an increase in PotD expression is seen following exposure to various stresses, while during infection, inactivation significantly attenuates pneumococcal virulence, and anti-PotD immune responses are protective in mice. In spite of their relative importance, not much is known about the global contribution of polyamine biosynthesis and transport pathways to pneumococcal disease. Mutants deficient in polyamine biosynthesis (Δ or Δ) or transport genes (Δ) were constructed and were found to be attenuated in murine models of pneumococcal colonization and pneumonia, either alone or in competition with the wild-type strain. The Δ mutant was also attenuated during invasive disease, while the and genes seemed to be dispensable. HPLC analyses showed reduced intracellular polyamine levels in all mutant strains compared with wild-type bacteria. High-throughput proteomic analyses indicated reduced expression of growth, replication and virulence factors in mutant strains. Thus, polyamine biosynthesis and transport mechanisms are intricately linked to the fitness, survival and pathogenesis of the pneumococcus in host microenvironments, and may represent important targets for prophylactic and therapeutic interventions.

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Keyword(s): 2D LC ESI MS/MS, 2D liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem MS , ACN, acetonitrile, CI, competitive index , LR, lactated Ringer's solution , PCT, pressure cycling technology , SAM, S-adenosylmethionine , TP, trimethoprim and ∑Xcorr, sum of cross correlations
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2011-02-01
2024-04-16
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Polyamine biosynthesis and transport mechanisms are crucial for fitness and pathogenesis of Streptococcus pneumoniae
Microbiology 157, 504 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.042564-0
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.042564-0
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.042564-0
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