Basic InvestigationFocused Ultrasound Therapy for Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia in a Mice Model
Section snippets
Experimental Animals
A total of eighty 6-week-old 129/J female mice, weighing 18–20 g, were used in this study. Mice were purchased from Beijing Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Co., Ltd (Beijing, China) and maintained in specific pathogen-free environments.
Reagents and Equipments
Injectable estradiol benzoate was purchased from Shanghai General Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). CZF focused ultrasound therapy equipment was manufactured by Chongqing Haifu (HIFU) Technology Co., Ltd. (Chongqing, China). TES-1310
Gross Observation
In the 4 weeks after FU treatment, congestion and edema were observed on the skin surface of the vulva and bloody secretion was also present. After 6 weeks, some mice showed obvious tumor growth with ulceration and bleeding (Figure 1). During the period of induction of VIN, 5 mice died, all of which developed gross tumors on the vulva. The lesions were harvested in a timely manner and prepared as paraffin sections for HE staining and microscopic evaluation.
Histologic Evaluation
After 7 weeks, all lesions were
DISCUSSION
In the present study, we have successfully established a mice model of VIN at different stages. This model allowed us to test the efficacy of FU treatment for VIN. Our results suggest that this technique is effective and safe.
Many forms of treatment have been used for VIN. In a study of 405 cases of VINII and VINIII from 1962 to 2003, Kaushik et al10 found that patients undergoing surgical excision of vulvar lesions had relatively high rates of recurrence. In some cases, the margin for surgical
CONCLUSIONS
In summary, the treatment of VINI and VINII with FU for VINI and VINII lesions in a mice model appears to be effective and safe. Although it is less effective in treating VINIII lesions, further studies with larger samples and varying treatment parameters may provide more insights. The vulva has a unique anatomical location and biological function. Nonsurgical treatment such as FU without the disruption of form and function of this unique structure is an appealing and promising technology.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors acknowledge all authors who contributed significantly to this study. We also thank Professor Zhibiao Wang and Wenzhi Chen from the Biomedical Engineering College of Chongqing Medical University who contributed significantly to this study.
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We state that all authors have no relationship with Chongqing Haifu (HIFU), Technology Co., Ltd. We also did not receive any honoraria or consulting fees or funds.
The authors have no other conflicts of interest to disclose.