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Pham Thanh Duy, Tran Thi Ngoc Dung, October M. Sessions, Maia A. Rabaa, Stephen Baker, A50 The emergence of G8P[8] rotavirus group A across Vietnam, Virus Evolution, Volume 3, Issue suppl_1, March 2017, vew036.049, https://doi.org/10.1093/ve/vew036.049
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Group A rotaviruses (RoV) are highly transmissible, globally ubiquitous, and are the principal cause of acute gastroenteritis in children. RoV are non-enveloped double-stranded RNA viruses comprised of 11 independent gene segments, encoding six structural proteins (VP1–VP4, VP6 and VP7) and five nonstructural proteins (NSP1–NSP5/6). Reassortment of viral segments can occur when a single cell is co-infected with two or more viruses, yielding mixed progeny with gene segments derived from multiple parental strains. Within a hospital-based study conducted to determine the etiology of diarrhea in five provincial hospitals located across Vietnam from 2012 to 2015, we detect RoV in 50.2% of all cases (678 RoV-positive/1,350 diarrhea cases). Determination of G- and P-type combinations using standard VP7/VP4 genotyping methods revealed that the common human G1P[8] (32.2%) and G2P[4] (13.0%) strains were most prevalent, whilst the less commonly described G8P[8] strain (10.5% of all RoV) showed a relatively high detection rate. The G8P[8] lineage was not detected in samples until 2014, when it was detected in 5.2% of all rotavirus sequences. By 2015, 44.8% of all RoV collected in our study were of the G8P[8] genotype. Full genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of G8P[8] sequences reveals that this lineage represents a non-reassortant, monophyletic clade closely related to other G8P[8] strains isolated recently in Europe and Asia, and has experienced an unprecedented spread across Vietnam within a very short time period. Future work will be conducted to document the arrival and spread of this lineage across Vietnam, to determine the potential impact of the arrival of this lineage on RoV epidemiology and disease burden, and to contrast the dynamics of G8P[8] to those of the more common endemic human genotypes (G1P[8] and G2P[4]) in Vietnam.
Author notes
Authors contributed equally to this work.