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Photosynthetic and carbohydrate status of easy-and difficult-to-acclimatize sea oats (Uniola paniculata L.) genotypes during In vitro culture and Ex vitro acclimatization

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Summary

The photosynthetic and carbohydrate status of an easy-to-acclimatize (EK 16-3) and a difficult-to-acclimatize (EK 11-1) genotype of Uniola paniculata L. (sea oats), a native dune species of the southeastern US, were evaluated during in vitro culture and ex vitro acclimatization. Net photosynthetic rate was eight times greater for EK 16-3 than EK 11-1 plantlets after ex vitro transfer. In vitro-produced leaves were morphologically similar to ex vitro-produced leaves and exhibited similar photosynthetic competence. EK 11-1 plantlets exhibited greater transpiration rates at the time of ex vitro transfer than EK 16-3 plantlets. However, the small magnitude of this difference, although significant, indicated that control of water loss was probably not the main cause for poor acclimatization of EK 11-1 plantlets. Carbohydrate analysis in vitro revealed that EK 16-3 plantlets utilized leaf starch reserves more rapidly than EK 11-1 plantlets. Starch utilization correlated with the development of leaves with expanded leaf blades during in vitro rooting in EK 16-3 plantlets. After ex vitro transfer, both genotypes exhibited significant decreases of starch and soluble sugar content in shoots and roots. However, the higher photosynthetic ability of shoots in EK 16-3 resulted in greater accumulation of shoot soluble sugars than EK 11-1 after 2-wk ex vitro culture. After 6-wk in vitro rooting, there were significantly higher chlorophyll and soluble protein contents, ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (rubisco) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase activities in EK 16-3 than EK 11-1 shoots. These differences also correlated with the development of anatomical and morphological leaf features in EK 16-3 similar to those of greenhouse-produced leaves.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Horticulture, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 32611, Gainesville, FL

    Carmen Valero-Aracama, Michael E. Kane & Nancy L. Philman

  2. Department of Environmental Horticulture, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, IRREC, 34945, Fort Pierce, FL

    Sandra B. Wilson

  3. Department of Agronomy, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 32611, Gainesville, FL

    Joseph C. Vu & Joan Anderson

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  1. Carmen Valero-Aracama
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  2. Michael E. Kane
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Correspondence to Michael E. Kane.

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Valero-Aracama, C., Kane, M.E., Wilson, S.B. et al. Photosynthetic and carbohydrate status of easy-and difficult-to-acclimatize sea oats (Uniola paniculata L.) genotypes during In vitro culture and Ex vitro acclimatization. In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant 42, 572–583 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1079/IVP2006822

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