Change history
22 July 2019
Unfortunately, an incorrect corresponding author mentioned. Please find the correct corresponding author below.
Notes
The English translation reads: “In all fields of endeavor things are turned into law (Verrechtlichung) … Everything is formalized juridically and thereby neutralized. And now begins the true epoch of the Rechtsstaat. … The state lives off the law; yet it is no longer law (Recht), it is only a legal mechanism, so that those who think they are guiding the affairs of the state actually wield only a legal machinery which claims their attention in the same way a machinist is tied down by the apparatus he serves. In this age of the equilibrium of class forces, the state is essentially characterized by the curious fact that things have been transformed from the realm of factual reality into that of legal mechanics. This is the new phase of the Rechtsstaat now that is has shed the traditions of authentic liberalism. What remains is nothing but a legal mechanism if, to be on the safe side, we expect those areas which cannot be turned into law (Verrechtlichung), such as religion and military service” (Kirchheimer, 1969, p. 7–8). Note that this translation uses the German term “Verrechtlichung” and does not translate it into “juridification”.
References
Abbott, K.W., Keohane, R.O., Moravcsik, A., Slaughter, A. M. and Snidal, D. (2000) The concept of legalization. International Organization 54(3): 401–419.
Arditi, B. (2003) Populism, or politics at the edges of democracy. Contemporary Politics 9(1): 17–31.
Belot, C. and Van Ingelgom, V. (2015). Les attitudes européennes ont-elles enfin joué un rôle dans les élections au Parlement européen ? Revue européenne des sciences sociales 53(1): 49–78.
Benz, A. (1998) Postparlamentarische Demokratie? In: M.Th. Greven (ed.), Demokratie –eine Kultur des Westens?. Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag, pp. 201–222.
Borriello, A. (2017) ‘There is No Alternative’: How Italian and Spanish Leaders’ discourse obscured the political nature of austerity. Discourse and Society 28(3): 241–261.
Campbell, A.L. (2012) Policy makes mass politics. Annual Review of Political Science 15: 333–351.
Camus, J.-Y. (2015) Frankreichs Front National auf dem Weg an die Macht? In: E. Hillebrand (ed.), Rechtspopulismus in Europa. Gefahr für die Demokratie? Bonn: Dietz, pp. 24–30.
Canovan, M. (1999) Trust the people! Populism and the two faces of democracy. Political Studies 47(1): 2–16.
Cauer, M. (1908) Zur politischen Bildung der Frau. Die Frauenbewegung 14: 61–62.
Cohen, M.R. (1927) Property and sovereignty. Cornell Law Quarterly 13: 8–30.
Crouch, C. (2004) Post-democracy. Cambridge: Polity Press.
de Vries, C. (2018) Euroscepticism and the Future of European Integration. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
de Wilde, P. (2011) No polity for old politics? A framework for analyzing the politicisation of European integration. Journal of European Integration 33(5): 559–575.
de Wilde, P., Leupold, A. and Schmidtke, H. (2016) Introduction: the differentiated politicisation of European governance. West European Politics 39(1) 3–22.
de Wilde, P. and Trenz, H.-J. (2012) Denouncing European integration: Euroscepticism as polity contestation. European Journal of Social Theory 15(4): 537–554.
de Wilde, P. and Zürn, M. (2012) Can the politicisation of European integration be reversed?. Journal of Common Market Studies 50(1): 137–153.
Delmotte, F., Mercenier, H. and Van Ingelgom, V. (2017) Belonging and indifference to Europe: A study of young people in Brussels. Historical Social Research 42(4): 227–249.
Derrida, J. (1990) Force de Loi. Le ‘Fondement Mystique de l’Autorité‘/Force of Law: The ‘Mystical Foundation of Authority‘. Cardozo Law Review 11(5–6): 919–1045.
Deutscher Bundestag. Drucksachen und Plenarprotokolle – ab 1949, http://pdok.bundestag.de
Duchesne, S., Frazer, E., Haegel, F. and Van Ingelgom, V. (2013) Citizens’ Reactions to European Integration Compared: Overlooking Europe. Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan.
Dupuy, C. and Bussi, M. (2018) Bringing citizens back in the analysis of policy change. Unleashing the explanatory power of policy design. Paper presented at the International workshops on public policy, University of Pittsburgh.
Easton, D. (1953) The Political System: An Inquiry Into the State of Political Science. New York: Knopf.
Elsässer, L., Hense, S. and Schäfer, A. (2017) Dem deutschen Volke?‘Die Responsivität des Bundestages. Zeitschrift für Politikwissenschaft 27(2): 161–180.
Eribon, D. (2013) Returning to Reims. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Eriksen, E.O. (2014) The Normativity of the European Union. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Finchelstein, F. (2017) From Fascism to Populism in History. Oakland: University of California Press.
Fisher, W.W., Horwitz, M.J. and Reed, T.A. (eds.). (1993) American Legal Realism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Fischer-Lescano, Andreas, and Philip Liste. (2005) Völkerrechtspolitik. Zu Trennung und Verknüpfung von Politik und Recht der Weltgesellschaft. Zeitschrift für Internationale Beziehungen 12(2): 209–249.
Flinders, M. and Wood, M. (2014) Depoliticisation, Governance and the State. Policy and Politics 42(2): 135–149.
Galpin, C. and Trenz, H.-J. (2018) Converging towards Euroscepticism? Negativity in news coverage during the 2014 European Parliament elections in Germany and the UK, European Politics and Society 1–17.
Goodwyn, L. (1976). Democratic Promise. The Populist Moment in America. New York: Oxford University Press.
Greven, M.Th. (2005) The informalization of transnational governance: A threat to democratic government. In: E. Grande and L.W. Pauly (eds.) Complex Sovereignty: Reconstituting Political Authority in the Twenty-First Century. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, pp. 261–284.
Habermas, J. (1981) Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns. Band 2: Zur Kritik der funktionalistischen Vernunft. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.
Hale, R.L. (1923) Coercion and distribution in a supposedly non-coercive state. Political Science Quarterly 38(3): 470–494.
Hay, C. (2007) Why We Hate Politics. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Heller, H. (1928) Politische Demokratie und soziale Homogenität. Gesammelte Schriften. Vol. II. Edited by M. Drath et al. Leiden: A. W. Sijthoff, 421–433.
Hiller, K. (1913 [1973]) Die Weisheit der Langeweile, Bd. 1-2. Nendeln: Kraus
Hoeglinger, D. (2016) Politicising European Integration: Struggling with the Awakening Giant. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Holmes, O.W. (1897) The path of the law. Harvard Law Review 10(8): 457–478.
Hooghe, L. and Marks, G. 2009. A postfunctionalist theory of European integration: From permissive consensus to constraining dissensus. British Journal of Political Science 39 (1): 1–23.
Horwitz, M.J. (1992) The Transformation of American Law 1870–1960. The Crisis of Legal Orthodoxy. New York: Oxford University Press.
Hutter, S., Grande, E. and Kriesi, H. (eds.). (2016) Politicising Europe: Integration and Mass Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Jörke, D. and Selk, V. (2017). Theorien des Populismus zur Einführung. Hamburg: Junius Verlag.
Kaltwasser, C. R. (2011) The ambivalence of populism. Threat and corrective for democracy. Democratization 19: 184–208.
Karremans, J. (2017). Democracies with No Alternatives? A Comparison of Parliamentary Debates over Budgetary Policies in Germany and Spain. Paper presented at MAPLE Conference, Lisbon.
Katz, R. S. and Mair, P. (1995) Changing models of party organization and party democracy: The emergence of the Cartel Party. Party Politics 1(1): 5–28.
Kauppi, N. (2005) Democracy, Social Resources and Political power in the European Union. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Kauppi, N., Palonen, K. and Wiesner, C. (2016) The politification and politicisation of the EU. Redescriptions 19(1): 72–90.
Kauppi, N. and Wiesner, C. (2018) Exit politics, enter politicisation. Journal of European Integration 40(2): 227–233.
Kazin, M. (1995) The Populist Persuasion. An American History. New York: Basic Books.
Kirchheimer, O. (1969) The socialist and bolshevist theory of the state. In: F.S. Burin and K.L. Shell (eds.) Politics, Law, and Social Change: Selected Essays of Otto Kirchheimer. New York: Columbia University Press, pp. 3–21.
Kirchheimer, O. (1976) Zur Staatslehre des Sozialismus und Bolschewismus. In Wolfgang Luthhardt (ed.) Von der Weimarer Republik zum Faschismus: Die Auflösung der demokratischen Rechtsordnung. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, pp. 32–52.
Kriesi, H. (2016) The politicisation of European integration. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 54(S1): 32–47.
Lamprecht, K. (1907) Die Politisierung der Gesellschaft. Berliner Tageblatt, 15 January 1907.
Le Gall, C. (2017) European Integration, Economic Globalization and Voting Behavior. PhD dissertation, Salzburg University.
Lefkofridi, Z., Wagner, M. and Willmann, J.E. (2014) Left-authoritarians and policy representation in Western Europe: Electoral choice across ideological dimensions. West European Politics 37: 65–90.
Mair, P. (2013) Ruling the Void: The Hollowing of Western Democracy. London: Verso.
Marcuse, H. (1964) One-dimensional Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society. Boston: Beacon Press.
Marx, K., and Engels, F. (1990) Die deutsche Ideologie. In K. Marx and F. Engels (eds.) Werke. Berlin: Dietz.
McCombs, M. (1981) The agenda-setting approach. In: D.D. Nimmo and K.R. Sanders (eds.) Handbook of Political Communication. Beverly Hills: Sage.
Mudde, C. (2004) The populist Zeitgeist. Government and Opposition, 39(4), 541–563.
Nassehi, A. (2002) Politik der Staates oder Politik der Gesellschaft. Kollektivität als Problemformel der Politischen. In K.-U. Hellmann and R. Schmalz-Bruns (eds.) Niklas Luhmanns politische Soziologie. Frankfurt a. M: Suhrkamp, pp. 38–59.
Palonen, K. (1985) Politik als Handlungsbegriff: Horizontwandel des Politikbegriffs in Deutschland 1890-1933. Helsinki: Societas Scientiarum Fennica.
Palonen, K. (2003) Four times of politics: Polics, politics, politicking and politicisation. Alternatives 28: 171–186.
Palonen, K. (2006) The Struggle with Time: A Conceptual History of ‘Politics’ as an Activity. Münster: LIT.
Palonen, K. (2007) Politics or the political? An historical perspective on a contemporary non-debate. European Political Science, 6(2): 69–78.
Palonen, K. (2018) Parliamentary Thinking. Procedure, Rhetoric and Time. London: PalgraveMacmillan.
Papadopoulos, Y. (2013) Democracy in Crisis? Politics, Governance and Policy. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Pound, R. (1910) Law in books and law in action. American Law Review 44(1): 12–36.
Preuß, H. (1915) Das deutsche Volk und die Politik. Jena: Diederichs.
Priester, K. (2012) Rechter und linker Populismus: Annäherung an ein Chamäleon. Frankfurt am Main: Campus Verlag.
Proksch, S.-O., and Slapin, J.B. (2014) The Politics of Parliamentary Debate: Parties, Rebels and Representation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Rajagopal, B. (2003) International Law from Below: Development, Social Movements, and Third World Resistance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Rancière, J. (1999) Disagreement. Politics and Philosophy. Minneapolis: University of Minneapolis Press.
Riles, A. (2011) Collateral Knowledge: Legal Reasoning in the Global Financial Markets. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Rubiner, L. (1990) In: W. Haug (ed.) Künstler bauen Barrikaden. Darmstadt: Luchterhand,
Ruiz-Rufino, R. and Alonso, S. (2017) Democracy without choice: Citizens’ perceptions of government autonomy during the Eurozone Crisis. European Journal of Political Research 56(2): 320–345.
Schattschneider, E. E. (1957). Intensity, visibility, direction and scope. American Political Science Review 51(4): 933–942.
Schmidt, V.A. (2006) Democracy in Europe: The EU and National Polities. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Schmitt, C. [1932] (1963) Der Begriff des Politischen. Berlin: Duncker und Humblot.
Schmitter, P. (2009) On the way to a post-functionalist theory of European integration. British Journal of Political Science 39(1): 211–215.
Scholte, J.A. (2019) Beyond Institutionalism in Global Governance Theory. University of Gothenburg/University of Duisburg-Essen, unpublished manuscript, on file with the author.
Selk, V. and Sonnicksen, J. (2017) Between opportunism and limitation. The resurgence of populism and the right-wing populist alternative für Deutschland (AfD). Desenvolvimento em Debate 2: 73–93.
Skinner, Q. (1969) Meaning and understanding in the history of ideas. History and Theory 8(1): 3–53.
Skinner, Q. (1973) Empirical theorists and their critics: A plague on both houses. Political Theory 1(3): 287–304.
Statham, P. and Trenz, H.-J. (2013a). How European union politicisation can emerge through contestation: The constitution case. Journal of Common Market Studies 51(5): 965–980.
Statham, P. and Trenz, H.-J. (2013b) The Politicisation of Europe: Contesting the Constitution in the Mass Media. New York: Routledge.
Taggart, P. (2004) Populism and representative politics in contemporary Europe. Journal of Political Ideologies 9(3): 269–288.
Teubner, G. (1987) Juridification: Concepts, aspects, limits, solutions. In: Juridification of Social Systems: A Comparative Analysis in the Areas of Labor, Corporate, Antitrust and Social Welfare Law. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.
United Kingdom Parliament, Hansard 1803–2005, http://hansard.millbanksystems.com
Van Ingelgom, V. (2014) Integrating Indifference: A Comparative, Qualitative and Quantitative Approach to the Legitimacy of European Integration. Colchester: ECPR Press.
Warburg, A. (1906) Dürer und die italienische Antike. In: K. Dissel and G. Rosenhagen (eds.), Verhandlungen der 48. Versammlung deutscher Philologen und Schulmänner in Hamburg vom 3. bis 6. Oktober. Leipzig: Teubner, pp. 55–60.
Weber, M. (1980) Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft: Grundriss der Verstehenden Soziologie. Tübingen: Mohr.
White, J. (2010) European integration by daylight. Comparative European Politics, 8(1), 55–73.
White, J. (2011) Political Allegiance after European Integration. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Wiesner, C. (2018) Thel micropolitics of parliamentary powers: European parliament strategies for expanding its influence in the EU Institutional System. Journal of European Integration 40(4): 375–391.
Wiesner, C., Haapala, T. and Palonen, K. (2017) Debates, Rhetoric and Political Action: Practices of Textual Interpretation and Analysis. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Wolin, S.S. (2001). Tocqueville between Two Worlds. The Making of a Political and Theoretical Life. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Wolin, S.S. (2008) Democracy Incorporated: Managed Democracy and the Specter of Inverted Totalitarianism. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Wood, M. (2015) Politicisation, depoliticisation and anti-politics: Towards a multilevel research agenda. Political Studies Review 14(4): 521–533.
Wood, M. and Flinders, M. (2014) Rethinking depoliticisation: Beyond the governmental. Policy and Politics 42(2): 151–170.
Zürn, M. (2016) Opening up Europe: Next steps in politicisation research. West European Politics 39(1): 164–182.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Palonen, K., Wiesner, C., Selk, V. et al. Rethinking Politicisation. Contemp Polit Theory 18, 248–281 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41296-019-00326-y
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41296-019-00326-y