Semin Neurol 2006; 26(5): 467-483
DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-951619
Copyright © 2006 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Genetic Basis for Sleep Regulation and Sleep Disorders

David M. Raizen1 , 2 , Thornton B.A Mason2 , 3 , Allan I. Pack1 , 4
  • 1Center for Sleep and Respiratory Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
  • 2Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
  • 3Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
  • 4Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
17 October 2006 (online)

ABSTRACT

Sleep disorders arise by an interaction between the environment and the genetic makeup of the individual but the relative contribution of nature and nurture varies with diseases. At one extreme are the disorders with simple Mendelian patterns of inheritance such as familial advanced sleep phase syndrome, and at the other extreme are diseases such as insomnia, which can be associated with a multitude of medical and psychiatric conditions. In this article, we review data on the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of various sleep disorders. The understanding of many of these disorders has been advanced by the study of sleep and circadian rhythms in model laboratory organisms. We summarize this model system research and how it relates to human sleep disorders. The current challenge in this field is the identification of susceptibility genetic loci for complex diseases such as obstructive sleep apnea. We anticipate such identification will increase our ability to assess risk for disease before symptom onset and by doing so will shift the focus from treatment to prevention of disease.

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Allan I PackM.B. Ch.B. Ph.D. 

Center for Sleep and Respiratory Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine

125 South 31st Street, Suite 2100, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3403

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