The Real Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (covid-19) on the Pregnancy Outcome

 

 Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

The COVID-19 outbreak is increasing around the world in the number of cases, deaths, and affected countries. Currently, the knowledge regarding the clinical impact of COVID-19 on maternal, fetal, and placental aspects of pregnancy is minimal. Although the elderly and men were the most affected population, in previous situations, such as the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic and the Ebola epidemic, pregnant women were more likely to develop complications than nonpregnant women. There are unanswered questions specific to pregnant women, such as whether pregnant women are more severely affected and whether intrauterine transmission occurs. Additional information is needed to inform key decisions, such as whether pregnant health care workers should receive special consideration, whether to separate infected mothers and their newborns, and whether it is safe for infected women to breastfeed.

Resumo

A COVID-19 está se disseminando em todo o mundo, expandindo o número de casos, mortes e países afetados. Atualmente, o conhecimento sobre o impacto da COVID-19 nos desfechos materno, fetal e placentário da gravidez é mínimo. A despeito de serem os homens e idosos a população mais afetada em situações anteriores, como a pandemia de influenza H1N1 de 2009 e a epidemia de Ebola, as gestantes foram mais propensas a desenvolver complicações do que as mulheres não grávidas. Em relação à gravidez, existem questões específicas a serem respondidas, tais como se as mulheres grávidas são mais gravemente afetadas e se ocorre transmissão intrauterina. São necessárias informações adicionais para embasar a tomada de decisões, tais como; se as profissionais de saúde grávidas devem receber atenção especial, se é necessário separar as mães infectadas dos seus recém-nascidos e se é seguro que as puérperas infectadas amamentem.

• References

• 1 Rasmussen SA, Jamieson DJ. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pregnancy: responding to a rapidly evolving situation. Obstet Gynecol 2020; 135 (05) 999-1002 . Doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000003873
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 2 Jamieson DJ, Honein MA, Rasmussen SA, Williams JL, , Swerdlow, David L, Biggerstaff MS. , et al; Novel Influenza A (H1N1) Pregnancy Working Group. H1N1 2009 influenza virus infection during pregnancy in the USA. Lancet 2009; 374 (9688): 451-458 . Doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61304-0
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 3 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guidance for screening and caring for pregnant women with Ebola virus disease for healthcare providers in U.S. hospitals [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2020 Apr 11]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/clinicians/evd/pregnant-women.html
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 4 Liu Y, Chen H, Tang K, Guo Y. Clinical manifestations and outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. J Infect 2020; ;S0163-4453(20)30109-2 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.028.
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 5 Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, Luo F, Yu X, Zhang W. , et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet 2020; 395 (10226): 809-815 . Doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30360-3
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 6 Silasi M, Cardenas I, Kwon JY, Racicot K, Aldo P, Mor G. Viral infections during pregnancy. Am J Reprod Immunol 2015; 73 (03) 199-213 . Doi: 10.1111/aji.12355
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 7 Zeng H, Xu C, Fan J, Tang Y, Deng Q, Zhang W, Long X. Antibodies in infants born to mothers with COVID-19 pneumonia. JAMA 2020; ; [Epub ahead of print] DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.4861.
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar