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Planta Med 2015; 81(09): 754-764
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1546081
Natural Product Chemistry
Original Papers
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Effect of Processing on the Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine Flos Lonicerae: An NMR-based Chemometric Approach

Jianping Zhao
1   National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
,
Mei Wang
1   National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
,
Bharathi Avula
1   National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
,
Lingyun Zhong
4   School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
,
Zhonghua Song
5   Chinese Pharmacopeia commission, Beijing, China
,
Qiongming Xu
6   College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
,
Shunxiang Li
7   School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
,
Ikhlas A. Khan
1   National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
2   Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
3   Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 29 June 2014
revised 31 March 2015

accepted 19 April 2015

Publication Date:
03 June 2015 (online)

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Abstract

The processing of medicinal materials, known as Pao Zhi in traditional Chinese medicine, is a unique part of traditional Chinese medicine and has been widely used for the preparation of Chinese materia medica. It is believed that processing can alter the properties and functions of remedies, increase medical potency, and reduce toxicity and side effects. Both processed and unprocessed Flos Lonicerae (flowers of Lonicera japonica) are important drug ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine. To gain insights on the effect of processing factors (heating temperature and duration) on the change of chemical composition, nuclear magnetic resonance combined with chemometric analysis was applied to investigate the processing of F. Lonicerae. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data were analyzed by means of a heat map and principal components analysis. The results indicated that the composition changed significantly, particularly when processing at the higher temperature (210 °C). Five chemical components, viz. 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, chlorogenic acid, and myo-inositol, whose concentration changed significantly during the processing, were isolated and identified. The patterns for the concentration change observed from nuclear magnetic resonance analysis during the processing were confirmed and quantitatively determined by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography analysis. The study demonstrated that a nuclear magnetic resonance-based chemometric approach could be a promising tool for investigation of the processing of herbal medicines in traditional Chinese medicine.

Key words

Lonicera japonica - Caprifoliaceae - processing - TCM - NMR - PCA - chemometric
 

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