Ultraschall Med 2015; 36(04): 348-354
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1366364
Original Article
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Shear Wave Elastography – A New Quantitative Assessment of Post-Irradiation Neck Fibrosis

Scherwellen-Elastografie – Eine neue quantitative Beurteilung der Fibrose des Halses bei Nachbestrahlung
K. H. Liu
1   Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
,
K. Bhatia
1   Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
,
W. Chu
1   Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
,
L. T. He
1   Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
,
S. F. Leung
2   Department of Clinical Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
,
A. T. Ahuja
1   Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

17 September 2013

03 March 2014

Publication Date:
29 August 2014 (online)

Abstract

Purpose: Shear wave elastography (SWE) is a new technique which provides quantitative assessment of soft tissue stiffness. The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of SWE stiffness measurements and its usefulness in evaluating post-irradiation neck fibrosis.

Materials and Methods: 50 subjects (25 patients with previous radiotherapy to the neck and 25 sex and age-matched controls) were recruited for comparison of SWE stiffness measurements (Aixplorer, Supersonic Imagine). 30 subjects (16 healthy individuals and 14 post-irradiated patients) were recruited for a reliability study of SWE stiffness measurements. SWE stiffness measurements of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the overlying subcutaneous tissues of the neck were made. The cross-sectional area and thickness of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the overlying subcutaneous tissue thickness of the neck were also measured. The post-irradiation duration of the patients was recorded.

Results: The intraclass correlation coefficients for the intraoperator and interoperator reliability of deep and subcutaneous tissue SWE stiffness ranged from 0.90 – 0.99 and 0.77 – 0.94, respectively. The SWE stiffness measurements (mean +/- SD) of deep and subcutaneous tissues were significantly higher in the post-irradiated patients (64.6 ± 46.8 kPa and 63.9 ± 53.1kPa, respectively) than the sex and age-matched controls (19.9 ± 7.8 kPa and 15.3 ± 8.37 respectively) (p < 0.001). The SWE stiffness increased with increasing post-irradiation therapy duration in the Kruskal Wallis test (p < 0.001) and correlated with muscle atrophy and subcutaneous tissue thinning (p < 0.01).

Conclusion: SWE is a reliable technique and may potentially be an objective and specific tool in quantifying deep and subcutaneous tissue stiffness, which in turn reflects the severity of neck fibrosis.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel: Die Scherwellen-Elastografie (SWE) ist eine neue Technik, die die quantitative Bewertung der Steifigkeit von Weichteilen ermöglicht. Ziel der Studie war es die Verlässlichkeit von SWE-Steifigkeitsmessungen und deren Nutzen für die Beurteilung von Halsfibrosen bei Nachbestrahlung zu bewerten.

Material und Methoden: 50 Personen (25 Patienten mit vorheriger Strahlentherapie im Halsbereich und 25 Kontrollprobanden mit vergleichbarem Geschlecht und Alter) wurden für den Vergleich der SWE-Steifigkeitsmessungen (Aixplorer, Supersonic Imagine) rekrutiert. Für die Zuverlässigkeitsanalyse der Messungen wurden 30 Personen (16 Gesunde und 14 Patienten mit Nachbestrahlung) einbezogen. Die SWE-Steifigkeitsmessungen wurden am M. sternocleidomastoideus und dem darüber befindlichen subkutanen Gewebes des Halses durchgeführt. Darüber hinaus wurden der Querschnitt und die Dicke des Kopfnickermuskels und darüber liegendem subkutanen Gewebes des Halses bestimmt. Die Dauer der Nachbestrahlung der Patienten wurde ebenfalls vermerkt.

Ergebnisse: Die Intraklasse-Korrellationskoeffizienten für die Intraoperator- und Interoperator-Verlässlichkeit der SWE-Steifigkeit beim tief liegenden Gewebe lag zwischen 0,90 und 0,99 und beim subkutanen Gewebe zwischen 0,77 und 0,94. Bei Patienten mit Nachbestrahlung waren die SWE-Steifgkeitsmessungen (Mittelwert +/- Standardabweichung) signifikant höher (p < 0,001) als bei Kontrollprobanden mit vergleichbarem Geschlecht und Alter und betrugen im tiefer liegende Gewebe 64,6 ± 46,8 kPa (Kontrollen 19,9 ± 7,8 kPa) und im subkutanen Gewebe 63,9 ± 53,1kPa (Kontrollen 15,3 ± 8,37). Die SWE-Steifigkeit nahm mit zunehmender Therapiedauer der Nachbestrahlung zu (Kruskal Wallis Test, P< 0,001) und korrelierte mit einer muskulären Atrophie und Verdünnung des subkutanen Gewebes (p < 0,01).

Schlussfolgerung: Die SWE ist ein verlässliches Verfahren und eine möglicherweise objektive und spezifische Methode, um die Steifigkeit im tiefer liegenden und subkutanen Gewebe zu quantifizieren, die wiederum für den Schweregrad einer Halsfibrose spricht.

 
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