Molekulare Grundlagen des Zusammenhangs zwischen Krankheitsentstehung und Ernährung: Was kann die Grundlagenforschung für Prävention und Therapie leisten?

 

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Zusammenfassung

Die experimentelle Forschung kann durch Identifikation von Mechanismen, Suszeptibilitätsgenen und Biomarkern zur Validierung und Verbesserung von Präventions- und Interventionsstrategien beitragen. Eine Personalisierung der Ernährungsempfehlungen mit genetischen Markern ist zurzeit nicht möglich, kann sich aber an konventionellen Risikofaktoren und Biomarkern orientieren. Mit genetischen Biomarkern lässt sich die Kausalität von epidemiologischen Assoziationen belegen (sog. Mendelian Randomization), in Zukunft möglicherweise auch die von ernährungsbezogenen Faktoren. Genetische Biomarker können zudem biologische Plausibilität von Präventions- und Interventionsstrategien belegen.

Abstract

Experimental research identifies mechanisms, susceptibility genes and biomarkers for nutrition-associated diseases, thereby contributing to the validation and improvement of prevention and intervention strategies. At present, the personalization of nutritional recommendations is not possible with genetic marker but can be guided by conventional risk factors and biomarkers. However, genetic markers allow the inference of causality of associations between biomarkers and disease endpoints by Mendelian randomization. In the future, genetic markers may also help to establish causality of associations between nutrients and disease endpoints. In addition, elucidation of the genetic basis of nutrition-associated diseases can provide biological plausibility of preventive and therapeutic strategies.

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