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Horm Metab Res 2013; 45(01): 31-37
DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1321879
Original Basic
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Effects of Adrenomedullin on Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha, Interleukins, Endothelin-1, Leptin, and Adiponectin in the Epididymal Fat and Soleus Muscle of the Rat

S. B. Liao
1   Department of Anatomy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
2   Department of Physiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
,
P. F. Wong
2   Department of Physiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
,
W. S. O,
B. M. Y. Cheung
4   Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
5   Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
,
F. Tang
2   Department of Physiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
5   Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 12 April 2012

accepted 09 July 2012

Publication Date:
06 September 2012 (online)

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Abstract

Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a peptide hormone, which participates in the development of metabolic syndrome. In this study, we have investigated the interaction of ADM and cytokines, endothelin-1 (EDN-1) and adipokines in the epididymal fat and the soleus muscle. Epididymal fat and soleus muscles from adult male Sprague-Dawley rat were incubated with ADM at concentration of 100 nM for the study of the gene expression and secretion of tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α), EDN-1, leptin, adiponectin, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and IL-6. The effects of TNF-α and EDN-1 on ADM gene expression and secretion were also investigated. The results showed that ADM decreased the gene expression and protein secretion of TNF-α in both the epididymal fat and the soleus muscle and decreased IL-1β gene expression and secretion in the soleus muscle. It also decreased endothelin gene expression and adiponectin gene expression and release and increased IL-6 and leptin gene expression and secretion in the epididymal fat. These effects were effectively blocked by the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist, hCGRP8–37, but not by the ADM receptor antagonist, hADM22–52. The reduction of inflammatory cytokines and EDN-1 may help to decrease insulin resistance and increase glucose uptake. As TNF-α also increases ADM levels in the epididymal fat and the soleus muscle and EDN-1 also increases ADM levels in the epididymal fat, they may form a feedback loop with ADM in these tissues. The increase in leptin and the decrease in adiponectin by ADM in the epididymal fat may have opposite effects on metabolism.

Key words

adrenomedullin - inflammation - cytokines - endothelin - adipokines - metabolic syndrome
 

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