Original InvestigationPathogenesis and Treatment of Kidney DiseaseAssociation of Kidney Disease Outcomes With Risk Factors for CKD: Findings From the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study
Section snippets
Study Population
The CRIC Study is a multicenter prospective cohort study of a racially and ethnically diverse group of adults aged 21-74 years at baseline with mild to moderate CKD and diabetes in approximately half. The primary objective of the study is to identify new risk factors for the progression of CKD and cardiovascular disease in men and women with CKD. A total of 3,939 participants were recruited from clinical centers in Philadelphia, PA; Baltimore, MD; Cleveland, OH; Ann Arbor and Detroit, MI;
Study Participants and Baseline Characteristics
A total of 3,939 men and women were enrolled in the CRIC Study (Table 1). Mean age was 58.2 ± 11.0 (SD) years, with 29% of participants older than 65 years. Forty-two percent were black and 45% were women. Forty-eight percent of participants had diabetes. Mean eGFR at baseline was 44.9 ± 16.8 mL/min/1.73 m2. Median 24-hour urine protein excretion at study entry was 0.18 (interquartile range, 0.07-0.91) g. Mean duration of follow-up was approximately 5.4 years.
Event Rates
Six hundred one participants died (2.8
Discussion
A wide variety of outcomes, either singly or in combination, have been used in studies to characterize progression of CKD, including measures of kidney function, initiation of renal replacement therapy (maintenance hemodialysis or kidney transplantation), and death. The relationship of outcomes that include different levels of kidney function decline and the association with putative risk factors for CKD has been reported infrequently. Using a large ethnically and racially diverse cohort of men
Acknowledgements
The CRIC Study Investigators additionally include Lawrence J. Appel, MD, MPH; Alan S. Go, MD; and Raymond R. Townsend, MD.
Support: Funding for the CRIC Study was obtained under a cooperative agreement from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (grants U01DK060990, U01DK060984, U01DK061022, U01DK061021, U01DK061028, U01DK060980, U01DK060963, and U01DK060902). In addition, this work was supported in part by the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of
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2021, American Journal of Kidney Diseases
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W.Y. and D.X. contributed equally to this work.
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A list of additional CRIC Study Investigators appears in the Acknowledgements.