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Protein composition of yak milk

Composition protéique du lait de yak

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Dairy Science & Technology

Abstract

The protein composition of 24 individual Maiwa yak milk samples that were collected in the Sichuan province of China was determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Yak milk differed from cow milk by its high concentration of total proteins (46.2–58.4 g·L−1), total casein (40.2 g·L−1 on average) and the proportion of individual caseins. The high content of β-casein (more than 45%) and consequently the lower proportion of αs-casein (about 40%) together with a small increase in κ-casein (15%) appear to make this milk more favorable for infant nutrition as used by the Tibetan nomads. Also, the whey proteins, β-lactoglobulin and serum albumin, showed similarities in centesimal composition with the homologous cow whey proteins. However, this initial study on yak milk proteins has highlighted the lack of knowledge in the literature and underlines that much research is required to optimize the utilization of all components of this milk for people living in extreme climatic environments.

Abstract

RP-HPLC 24 (46.2–58.4 g·L−1) (40.2 g·L−1) β- 45%) α- 40% κ-15 % β-

Résumé

La composition protéique de 24 échantillons de lait de yak de race Maiwa, collectés dans la province de Sichuan en Chine, a été déterminée par chromatographie liquide haute performance. Par rapport au lait de vache, le lait de yak présentait des teneurs nettement plus élevées en protéines totales (46.20–58.40 g·L−1) et en caséine (40.2 g·L−1 en moyenne). Les différences portaient aussi sur la proportion des caséines individuelles, la caséine β représentant plus de 45 % de la caséine entière, la caséine αs, environ 40 % et la caséine κ, environ 15 %. Ces proportions proches de celles existant dans la caséine du lait humain sont probablement la raison de la consommation usuelle de ce lait par les nourrissons des nomades tibétains. Les déterminations des protéines solubles également réalisées dans le cadre de cette étude montraient une forte similarité de composition en β-lactoglobuline et sérum albumine par rapport aux protéines homologues du lait de vache. Ces premiers résultats sur les protéines du lait de yak mettent en évidence la faiblesse des connaissances disponibles sur ce sujet et a contrario l’effort de recherches qui se doit d’être réalisé pour une utilisation la mieux adaptée possible des composants de ce lait aux besoins des populations vivant dans un environnement climatique extrême.

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Correspondence to Ying Ma.

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Li, H., Ma, Y., Dong, A. et al. Protein composition of yak milk. Dairy Sci. Technol. 90, 111–117 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1051/dst/2009048

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/dst/2009048

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