The accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the atmosphere has been recognized as one of the primary factors attributed to global warming. Various strategies have been proposed to mitigate the amount of atmospheric CO₂ such as its separation from emission streams with storage or utilization in fuels and chemicals. Zeolite-based materials (zeotype materials), a class of microporous solids with: (i) structural features of high surface area, chemical tunability and high stability, and (ii) a long history of global scale industrial use, have been extensively investigated for CO₂ capture. In this review, a comprehensive summary and discussion of the progress in the design and use of zeotype materials, e.g., cation and amine modifications, composites and templated carbons, for the capture of CO₂ is presented. The CO₂ adsorption mechanisms in these materials are described, and the factors that determine their performance are discussed. The application of zeotype materials for CO₂ capture under conditions such as post-combustion, indoor air cleaning and direct air capture are presented. Further, the mechanisms of water-zeolites interaction as well as their impacts on CO₂ adsorption performance are discussed. The review closes with a brief presentation on the challenges and opportunities for future research in the field.