Controllable acidophilic dual-emission fluorescent carbonized polymer dots for selective imaging of bacteria

Xiaohuan Zhao; Qiuling Tang; Shoujun Zhu; Wenhuan Bu; Mingxi Yang; Xinchan Liu; Yang Meng; Weixian Yu; Hongchen Sun; Bai Yang

doi:10.1039/C9NR01118H

Controllable acidophilic dual-emission fluorescent carbonized polymer dots for selective imaging of bacteria†

Xiaohuan Zhao,‡^a Qiuling Tang,‡^b Shoujun Zhu,^a Wenhuan Bu,^c Mingxi Yang,^a Xinchan Liu,^d Yang Meng,

^b Weixian Yu,*^be Hongchen Sun^f and Bai Yang

*^a

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* Corresponding authors

^a State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, P. R. China
E-mail: byangchem@jlu.edu.cn

^b Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China

^c Department of Oral Pathology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China

^d Department of Geriatric Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China

^e Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun 130021, China

^f Department of Oral Pathology, Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, P. R. China

Abstract

Fluorescent materials can be powerful contrast agents in photoelectric devices and for bioimaging. As emerging fluorescent materials, carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) with high quantum yields (QYs), long-wavelength emission and multiple functions are highly desired. Despite great progress in the synthetic methods and QYs of CPDs, multiple emission of CPDs is challenging. Therefore, we developed CPDs with dual-emission fluorescence in terms of inherent blue and red emission. In addition, CPDs with sole blue emission (B-CPDs) and red emission (R-CPDs) were synthesized, respectively, by regulating the reaction conditions to control the quantitative structure and emission centers. The absolute QY of R-CPDs in water was 24.33%. These three types of CPDs with dual/sole emission could be used in optoelectronic and bioimaging applications. With different CPDs coated on a commercially available gallium nitride light-emitting diode chip as a color-conversion layer, LEDs with blue, yellow, and red emission were achieved. Benefiting from the different emission intensities and emission peaks of R/B-CPDs in different pH conditions, they were used (without further modification) to distinguish between Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in dental plaque biofilms (the first time this has been demonstrated). These findings could enable a new development direction of CPDs based on the design of multi-emission centers.

Nanoscale

Controllable acidophilic dual-emission fluorescent carbonized polymer dots for selective imaging of bacteria†

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Controllable acidophilic dual-emission fluorescent carbonized polymer dots for selective imaging of bacteria

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