Issue 14, 2018, Issue in Progress

A novel method for the collection of nanoscopic vesicles from an organotypic culture model

Abstract

Nanovesicles, exosomes and other membrane bound particles excreted by cells are currently gaining research attention since they have been shown to play a significant role in many biologically related processes. Vesicles are now thought to mediate cellular communication, transmission of some diseases and pathologically mediated calcification. Matrix vesicles have long been proposed to be central to the controlled mineralisation of bone. They remain relatively poorly studied, however, since they are challenging to extract from biological media. One difficulty is the presence of a mineral content in comparison to pure lipid vesicles, meaning that standard separation process such as ultracentrifugation are unable to precisely separate on the basis of size or weight. In this paper we report the separation of matrix vesicles from an organotypic bone culture system using a process of immunoprecipitation. Matrix vesicles were extracted using polymeric beads that were modified with an antibody for tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNALP), a surface marker abundant in bone-derived vesicles. The vesicles isolated were positive for adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the substrate for TNALP and were demonstrated to have a high-binding affinity to type I collagen, the principal collagen type found in bone. This protocol enables more detailed study of the process and regulation of mineralisation.

Graphical abstract: A novel method for the collection of nanoscopic vesicles from an organotypic culture model

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
16 Nov 2017
Accepted
30 Jan 2018
First published
16 Feb 2018
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

RSC Adv., 2018,8, 7622-7632

A novel method for the collection of nanoscopic vesicles from an organotypic culture model

A. Iordachescu, P. Hulley and Liam M. Grover, RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 7622 DOI: 10.1039/C7RA12511A

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. You can use material from this article in other publications without requesting further permissions from the RSC, provided that the correct acknowledgement is given.

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