SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE
Layered perovskite LiEuTiO4 as a 0.8 V lithium intercalation electrode†
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Abstract
∼1 V lithium intercalation materials are promising anodes for lithium-ion batteries, because such materials give consideration to both the tolerance of lithium plating (e.g., graphite with ∼0.1 V versus Li+/Li easily results in lithium plating due to a too low potential) and the energy density of the batteries (e.g., Li4Ti5O12 with ∼1.55 V decreases the battery voltage, and thus reduces the energy density). Herein, the layered perovskite compound LiEuTiO4 with a 0.8 V lithium intercalation/deintercalation potential plateau was successfully synthesized by the ion-exchange reaction with NaEuTiO4 prepared via a sol–gel method. LiEuTiO4 can deliver a high capacity of 219.2 mA h g−1 (2nd discharge) at a rate of 100 mA g−1. Even after 500 cycles, the discharge capacity remains at ∼217 mA h g−1 and the Coulombic efficiency is 99.2%. To our knowledge, the cycle stability of LiEuTiO4 exceeds all previous ∼1 V electrodes. Different from the common lithium intercalation Ti-based electrodes (such as Li4Ti5O12) based on the reduction of the Ti4+ to Ti3+, electrochemical lithium intercalation into LiEuTiO4 leads to the reduction of the Eu3+ to Eu2+.
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