Fe3C-filled carbon nanotubes: permanent cylindrical nanomagnets possessing exotic magnetic properties

Reetu Kumari; Lucky Krishnia; Vinay Kumar; Sandeep Singh; H. K. Singh; R. K. Kotnala; R. R. Juluri; U. M. Bhatta; P. V. Satyam; Brajesh S. Yadav; Zainab Naqvi; Pawan K. Tyagi

doi:10.1039/C5NR09188H

Fe₃C-filled carbon nanotubes: permanent cylindrical nanomagnets possessing exotic magnetic properties

Reetu Kumari,^a Lucky Krishnia,^a Vinay Kumar,^a Sandeep Singh,^ab H. K. Singh,^b R. K. Kotnala,^b R. R. Juluri,^c U. M. Bhatta,^d P. V. Satyam,^c Brajesh S. Yadav,^e Zainab Naqvi^a and Pawan K. Tyagi*^a

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* Corresponding authors

^a Department of Applied Physics, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
E-mail: pawan.phy@dce.edu
Fax: +91-11-27871023
Tel: +91-11-27852212

^b National Physical Laboratory, Delhi, India

^c Institute of Physics, Sachivalaya Marg, Bhubaneswar 751005, India

^d Centre for Emerging Technologies, Jain University, Jakkasandra, Kanakapura Taluk, Ramanagaram Dist, Karnataka 562 112, India

^e Solid State Physics Laboratory, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India

Abstract

The present study aims to deduce the confinement effect on the magnetic properties of iron carbide (Fe₃C) nanorods filled inside carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and to document any structural phase transitions that can be induced by compressive/tensile stress generated within the nanorod. Enhancement in the magnetic properties of the nanorods is attributed to tensile stress as well as to compression, present in the radial direction and along the nanotube axis, respectively. Finally, the growth of permanent cylindrical nanomagnets has been optimized by applying a field gradient. Besides presenting the growth model of in situ filling, we have also proposed the mechanism of magnetization of the nanotubes. Magnetization along the tube axis has been probed by confirming the pole formation. Fe₃C has been selected because of its ease of formation, low T_C and incompressibility.

Nanoscale

Fe₃C-filled carbon nanotubes: permanent cylindrical nanomagnets possessing exotic magnetic properties

Abstract

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