Issue 60, 2014

pH-dependent redox mechanism and evaluation of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of a novel anthraquinone

Abstract

The redox behavior of 1,4-dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-3-(trichloromethyl)pentyl)-8-methoxyanthracene-9,10-dione (HCAQ) was investigated at a glassy carbon electrode over a wide pH range of 3–12 by using cyclic, square wave and differential pulse voltammetry (CV, SWV and DPV). CV results of HCAQ obtained at different temperatures were used for the evaluation of thermodynamic parameters like ΔG#, ΔH# and ΔS#. The values of diffusion coefficient and heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant were also determined by CV. Limits of detection and quantification were determined by SWV. The numbers of electrons and protons involved in the oxidation processes were evaluated by DPV. The value of apparent acid dissociation constant (pKa) was obtained from the intersection of two linear segments of the Ep vs. pH plot. The effect of pH on the UV-visible spectral response was also monitored which allowed the determination of pKa of HCAQ. The values of apparent acid dissociation constant obtained from electrochemical techniques and electronic absorption spectroscopy were found to be in very good agreement. On the basis of experimental results, a pH-dependent oxidation mechanism was proposed in order to provide useful insights into the unexplored pathways by which anthraquinones exert their biochemical action.

Graphical abstract: pH-dependent redox mechanism and evaluation of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of a novel anthraquinone

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
13 May 2014
Accepted
01 Jul 2014
First published
02 Jul 2014

RSC Adv., 2014,4, 31657-31665

Author version available

pH-dependent redox mechanism and evaluation of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of a novel anthraquinone

K. Ahmad, A. H. Shah, B. Adhikari, U. A. Rana, S. N. uddin, C. Vijayaratnam, N. Muhammad, S. Shujah, A. Rauf, H. Hussain, A. Badshah, R. Qureshi, H. Kraatz and A. Shah, RSC Adv., 2014, 4, 31657 DOI: 10.1039/C4RA04462B

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