Issue 30, 2010

Coordination chemistry in the solid state: synthesis and interconversion of pyrazolium salts, pyrazole complexes, and pyrazolate MOFs

Abstract

Solid pyrazole reacts with HCl gas to form pyrazolium chloride [H2pz]Cl, which reacts in the solid state, under grinding, with metal chlorides MCl2 (M = Co, Zn, Cu) to form the pyrazolium tetrachlorometallate salts [H2pz]2[MCl4] (M = Co 1, Zn 3, Cu 5). Salt 5 cannot be made in solution, and upon standing at room temperature spontaneously emits HCl to give the coordination compound [CuCl2(Hpz)2] (6). Compounds 1 and 3 do not exhibit this behaviour, but can be ground together with bases such as KOH or K2CO3 to effect the elimination of HCl and afford their respective [MCl2(Hpz)2] compounds (M = Co 2, Zn 4). 2, 4 and 6 can also be synthesised in the solid-state by direct reaction of the appropriate metal chloride with pyrazole, or by reaction of a basic metal salt such as the carbonate or hydroxide with pyrazolium chloride. 4 and 6 {and their nickel analogue [NiCl2(Hpz)2]} can be ground with a further two equivalents of base to make the known polymeric metal pyrazolates [M(pz)2]n (M = Ni 7, Cu 8, Zn 9); the same reaction appears to work for the cobalt analogue 2, but the presumed product [Co(pz)2]n10 then decomposes by oxidation. The imidazolate complexes [M(im)2] (M = Ni, 11; Cu, 12; Zn, 13; Co, 14) were similarly prepared by grinding the appropriate [M(Him)2Cl2] precursor with KOH.

Graphical abstract: Coordination chemistry in the solid state: synthesis and interconversion of pyrazolium salts, pyrazole complexes, and pyrazolate MOFs

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
24 Mar 2010
Accepted
14 May 2010
First published
17 Jun 2010

Dalton Trans., 2010,39, 6974-6984

Coordination chemistry in the solid state: synthesis and interconversion of pyrazolium salts, pyrazole complexes, and pyrazolate MOFs

C. J. Adams, M. A. Kurawa and A. G. Orpen, Dalton Trans., 2010, 39, 6974 DOI: 10.1039/C0DT00195C

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