Issue 38, 2009

Intercalation of stable organic radicals into layered saponite clay

Abstract

2-(3- and 4-N-methylpyridinium)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-oxyl 3-N-oxide (abbreviated as m- and p-MPYNN), the butyl derivative (m- and p-BuPYNN), 4-(N-ethylammonium)-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (ETEP) and N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine radical cation (TMPD+) have been successfully intercalated into saponite clay. The amount of intercalated material has been determined via UV/VIS spectroscopy, elemental analysis and EPR spectroscopy, and the expansion of the layer distance from ∼12.0 to ca. 15 Å has been measured by X-ray powder diffraction. The magnetic properties of these materials, which result from the interplay of the modified intermolecular interactions between the guest species, and the additional interaction with the host lattice, have been characterized by magnetic susceptibility, EPR and solid state NMR measurements. While the 29Si and 27Al NMR spectra show little influence of the radical species on the local structural environments of the nuclei in the host lattice, the guest–host interaction manifests itself in significant line-broadening and (in some cases) resonance displacements of the 1H NMR signals belonging to the molecular radical cations. In the case of TMPD+ intercalates, the NMR and EPR data indicate predominant radical dimerization within the interlayer space.

Graphical abstract: Intercalation of stable organic radicals into layered saponite clay

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
27 Apr 2009
Accepted
26 Jun 2009
First published
06 Aug 2009

Dalton Trans., 2009, 7995-8004

Intercalation of stable organic radicals into layered saponite clay

W. L. Hemme, W. Fujita, K. Awaga and H. Eckert, Dalton Trans., 2009, 7995 DOI: 10.1039/B908410J

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