Issue 13, 2007
From the journal:

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics

Investigation of complexes formed by interaction of cationic gemini surfactants with deoxyribonucleic acid†

Chuanzhong Wang,a   Xingfu Li,b   Shawn D. Wettig,c   Ildiko Badea,c   Marianna Foldvarid  and  Ronald E. Verrall*e  

* Corresponding authors

a Central Equipment Laboratory, University of Northern British Columbia, 3333 University Way, Prince George, Canada
E-mail: cwang@unbc.ca
Fax: 1 250 960 6728
Tel: 1 250 960 5587

b Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, Canada
E-mail: xingfuli118@hotmail.com
Fax: 1 514 398 3797
Tel: 1 514 398 6999

c College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Canada
E-mail: shawn.wettig@usask.ca, ilb514@mail.usask.ca
Fax: 1 306 966 6377
Tel: 1 306 966 6348

d School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
E-mail: foldvari@uwaterloo.ca
Fax: 1 519 500 7535
Tel: 1 519-888-4567 ext. 38164

e Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Canada
E-mail: ron.verrall@usask.ca
Fax: 1 306 966 4730
Tel: 1 306 966 4669

Abstract

Cationic gemini surfactants, N,N-bis(dimethylalkyl)-α,ω-alkanediammonium dibromide [CmH2m+1(CH3)2N+(CH2)sN+(CH3)2CmH2m+1·2Br−, or m-s-m], have proven to be effective synthetic vectors for gene delivery (transfection). Complexes (lipoplexes) of gemini compounds, where m = 12, s = 3, 12 and m = 18 : 1(oleyl), s = 2, 3, 6, with DNA have been investigated using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and circular dichroism (CD) techniques. The results show that lipoplex properties depend on the structural properties of the gemini surfactants, the presence of the helper lipid dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE), and the titration sequence. ITC data show that the interaction between DNA and gemini surfactants is endothermic and the observed enthalpy vs. charge ratio profile depends upon the titration sequence. Isoelectric points (IP) of lipoplex formation were estimated from the zeta potential measurements and show good agreement with the reaction endpoints (RP) obtained from ITC. DLS data indicate that DNA is condensed in the lipoplex. AFM images suggest that the lipoplex morphology changes from isolated globular-like aggregated particles to larger-size aggregates with great diversity in morphology. This change is further accentuated by the presence of DOPE in the lipoplexes. The results are interpreted in terms of some current models of lipoplex formation.

Graphical abstract: Investigation of complexes formed by interaction of cationic gemini surfactants with deoxyribonucleic acid

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Article information

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1039/B618579G
Article type
Paper
Submitted
20 Dec 2006
Accepted
30 Jan 2007
First published
19 Feb 2007

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2007,9, 1616-1628

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Investigation of complexes formed by interaction of cationic gemini surfactants with deoxyribonucleic acid

C. Wang, X. Li, S. D. Wettig, I. Badea, M. Foldvari and R. E. Verrall, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2007, 9, 1616 DOI: 10.1039/B618579G

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