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Evidence that variation at the serotonin transporter gene influences susceptibility to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): analysis and pooled analysis

Molecular Psychiatry volume 7, pages 908–912 (2002)Cite this article

Abstract

Reduced central serotonergic activity has been implicated in poor impulse regulation and aggressive behaviour in animals, adults and also young children.1,2 Two recently published studies have implicated variation at a polymorphism in the promoter of the serotonin transporter (5HTT; hSERT) in influencing susceptibility to ADHD.3,4 Consistent with these results we have also found a trend for the long allele of the promoter polymorphism to influence susceptibility to ADHD in a sample of 113 ADHD parent proband trios (65 transmissions vs 49 non-transmissions, χ2 = 2.25, P = 0.13). A pooled analysis of our, and these published results demonstrated a significant over representation of the long allele of the promoter in ADHD probands compared to controls (χ2 = 7.14, P = 0.008). We have also examined two other 5HTT polymorphisms (the VNTR in intron 2 and the 3′ UTR SNP). TDT analysis demonstrated preferential transmission of the T allele of the 3′ UTR SNP (χ2 = 4.06, P = 0.04). In addition, ETDT analysis of haplotypes demonstrated significant preferential transmission of haplotypes containing the T allele of the 3′ UTR SNP with the long allele of the promoter polymorphism (χ2 = 13.18, 3 df, P = 0.004) and the 10 repeat of the VNTR (χ2 = 8.77, 3 df, P = 0.03). This study provides further evidence for the possible involvement of the serotonin transporter in susceptibility to ADHD.

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Acknowledgements

LK is a Wellcome Trust Training Fellow in Mental Health. The study was also supported by South Birmingham Mental Health NHS Trust. In Ireland we would like to acknowledge the generous support of the Wellcome Trust and the Health Research Board, Dublin.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Neuroscience, Molecular Psychiatry Group, University of Birmingham, UK

    L Kent, E Hardy & N Craddock

  2. Birmingham Childrens Hospital NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK

    U Doerry

  3. South Warwickshire Combined Care NHS Trust, Leamington Spa, UK

    R Parmar

  4. Dudley Priority Health NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK

    K Gingell

  5. Departments of Psychiatry and Genetics, Trinity College, Dublin, Eire

    Z Hawi, A Kirley, N Lowe, M Fitzgerald & M Gill

Authors
  1. L Kent
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  2. U Doerry
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  3. E Hardy
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  4. R Parmar
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  6. Z Hawi
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  9. M Fitzgerald
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  10. M Gill
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  11. N Craddock
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Correspondence to L Kent.

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Kent, L., Doerry, U., Hardy, E. et al. Evidence that variation at the serotonin transporter gene influences susceptibility to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): analysis and pooled analysis. Mol Psychiatry 7, 908–912 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.mp.4001100

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.mp.4001100

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