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T-bet: The Toll-bridge to class-switch recombination?

CpG signaling through TLR9 elicits type 1 cytokine production, which can suppress IgE-associated hypersensitivity reactions. CpG also acts directly on B cells by inducing STAT1-independent T-bet expression.

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Figure 1: Two distinct pathways lead to CpG induction of T-bet in B cells.

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Rifkin, I., Marshak-Rothstein, A. T-bet: The Toll-bridge to class-switch recombination?. Nat Immunol 4, 650–652 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/ni0703-650

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