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A lack of positive effect of enhanced vegetative nervous system tonus on mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in patients suffering from acute psychotic syndromes

Leukemia volume 27, pages 959–961 (2013)Cite this article

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It has been demonstrated in mice that enhanced tonus of vegetative nervous system regulates mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) into peripheral blood (PB). It is well known that HSPCs circulate under steady-state conditions at detectable levels in PB, with their numbers increasing in response to stress, inflammation, and tissue and organ injury.1, 2, 3 Circulation of these cells under normal steady-state conditions is regulated by a circadian rhythm, with the peak of these circulating cells occurring in the early morning hours and the nadir at night.1, 2, 3, 4 As observed in mice exposed to daylight changes, this oscillation in HSPC levels is affected as postulated by changes in tonus of the vegetative nervous system.4, 5

HSPCs can be also mobilized into PB in an enforced manner by administration of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), and it has also been shown in mice that release of these cells into PB depends critically on the vegetative nervous system.4, 5 Moreover, UDP-galactose:ceramide galactosyltransferase-deficient mice, which exhibit aberrant nerve conduction and do not release norepinephrine (NE) into the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, do not mobilize HSPCs in response to G-CSF.4 To explain how NE signaling influences HSPC mobilization, it has been postulated that it modulates expression of stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) in the BM microenvironment, and such a mechanism would be consistent with the finding that administration of β2-adrenergic agonists enhances mobilization of HSPCs in both control and NE-deficient mice.4 In a recent study, it has also been proposed that G-CSF increases sympathetic tonus directly via G-CSF receptors that are expressed on peripheral sympathetic neurons, which would reduce NE reuptake and increase NE availability in the BM microenvironment.5

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a grant from EU structural funds (Innovative Economy Operational Program POIG.01.01.01-00-109/09-01) to JS, KBN grant (N N401 024 536) and NIH 2R01 DK074720 to MZR.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian University of Medicine, Szczecin, Poland

    J Kucharska-Mazur & J Samochowiec

  2. Department of Physiology, Pomeranian University of Medicine, Szczecin, Poland

    D Pedziwiatr, A Poniewierska, M Tkacz, M Suszynska, M Tarnowski & M Z Ratajczak

  3. Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA

    M Z Ratajczak

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  1. J Kucharska-Mazur
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Correspondence to M Z Ratajczak.

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Kucharska-Mazur, J., Pedziwiatr, D., Poniewierska, A. et al. A lack of positive effect of enhanced vegetative nervous system tonus on mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in patients suffering from acute psychotic syndromes. Leukemia 27, 959–961 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/leu.2012.349

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