Abstract
Hierarchical sampling from populations, incipient and recognized varieties within Phacelia dubia and P maculata has revealed high levels of intraspecific polymorphism in chloroplast DNA. Much of the variation is partitioned between populations as evidenced by population-specific variants at fixation in all three populations of P. dubia var. interior and in both populations of P. maculata. Nine of 16 populations were polymorphic for cpDNA haplotypes. A total of 16 haplotypes was found in a sample of 106 individuals; the most common occurred in eight of the 16 populations and in 31 per cent of the individuals in the entire sample. A phylogenetic analysis revealed four basic plastome types. The two major groups of plastomes were separated by four independent base-pair mutations which suggests an ancient split in the evolution of plastid genomes. Representatives from each major plastome division were found in each of five populations spanning two allopatric varieties of P. dubia. The geographical distribution of haplotypes and lack of evidence for recent admixture argue against migration as a source of the polymorphism. It is more likely that the current taxonomic varieties are descendants of a polymorphic common ancestor.
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Acknowledgements
We thank B. Anderson, B. Burkhardt, L. Harris, J. P. Hosier, P. Liu, K. MacElwaine and D. Robertson for helpful advice and technical assistance. B. Weir kindly supplied a computer program to estimate coancestry. The manuscript benefited from M. Uyenoyama's insightful comments and the suggestions of two anonymous reviewers. This research was supported in part by NIH grant no. 5 T32 GM07754-09, NSF grant no. 333-0861 and a Grant-in-aid-of-Research from Sigma Xi.
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Levy, F., Antonovics, J., Boynton, J. et al. A population genetic analysis of chloroplast DNA in Phacelia. Heredity 76, 143–155 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1996.22
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1996.22
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