Abstract
A study of variation at 27 isozyme loci in 12 Jamaican populations of Eichhornia paniculata (Pontederiaceae) was undertaken to examine the history and genetic consequences of island colonization. Population genetic theory predicts that island populations should be less variable relative to their sources, owing to founder effects and genetic drift. Populations were significantly less heterozygous (Ho) with fewer polymorphic loci (P) and alleles per polymorphic locus (Na) than previously reported for populations in northeastern Brazil. Populations contained small numbers of multilocus genotypes with one or two usually dominating. Four out of six populations exhibited moderate to high levels of gametic disequilibrium, a pattern expected from interactions between inbreeding and drift in colonizing populations. Estimates of outcrossing rate in eight populations averaged t=0.116 (range: 0.00–0.22).
Seventy per cent of the total genetic diversity in Jamaica were distributed among populations. Marked differentiation at six polymorphic loci was evident between populations from the west and east-central parts of the island. Unique alleles at three loci were restricted to western populations. Spatial autocorrelation analysis of polymorphic loci confirmed that allelic diversity was non-randomly distributed among populations. Spatial patterns at three loci were congruent, with each locus showing a replacement of alternate alleles in the same area. The results are consistent with a hypothesis of multiple colonization, with western populations of E. paniculata originating separately from the remaining populations on the island.
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Husband, B., Barrett, S. Colonization history and population genetic structure of Eichhornia paniculata in Jamaica. Heredity 66, 287–296 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1991.36
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