Abstract
CYCLOPHILINS are ubiquitous and abundant proteins that exhibit peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerization (PPlase) activity in vitro1,2. Their functions in vivo, however, are not well understood. Two new retinal cyclophilin isoforms, types I and II, are highly expressed in cone photoreceptors of the vertebrate retina3. Type-II cyclophilin is identical to RanBP2, a large protein that binds the GTPase Ran4,5. Here we report that two contiguous domains in RanBP2, Ran-binding domain 4 (RBD4) and cyclophilin, act in concert as a chaperone for the opsin molecule of the red/green-sensitive visual pigment of a dichromatic vertebrate. In Drosophila, the cyclophilin NinaA6,7 is expressed in all photoreceptors8 and is required for the expression of only a subset of opsins8,9. The molecular basis of these photoreceptor class-specific effects and the functions of NinaA and other cyclophilins in vivo remain unclear10. Unlike NinaA, which forms a stable complex with opsin from retinular cells Rl–611, we find that the cyclophilin domain of RanBP2 does not bind opsin directly; rather, it augments and stabilizes the interaction between red/green (R/G) opsin and the RBD4 domain. This involves a cyclophilin-mediated modification of R/G opsin, possibly involving proline isomerization. The RBD4–cyclophilin supradomain of RanBP2, therefore, is a form of vertebrate chaperone of defined substrate specificity, which may be involved in the processing and/or transport of long-wavelength opsin in cone photoreceptor cells.
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Ferreira, P., Nakayama, T., Pak, W. et al. Cyclophilin-related protein RanBP2 acts as chaperone for red/green opsin. Nature 383, 637–640 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1038/383637a0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/383637a0
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