Skip to main content
Log in

College student epistemological perspectives across knowledge domains: A proposed grounded theory

  • Published:
Higher Education Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Scholars have studied epistemologicaldevelopment – or how one understands knowledgeand knowing – of college students for manyyears. Research in this domain has includedbenchmarking studies of epistemologicaldevelopment, examinations of how curricularinnovations impact epistemology, and somestudies of differences in epistemologicaldevelopment based on disciplinary areas. Thelatter group of studies has generally focusedon differences in epistemological beliefs forstudents who are studying in two differentdomains (e.g., nursing students versus physicsstudents). In this study, we qualitativelyinvestigate whether the epistemologicalperspectives of 60 science/engineering collegestudents differs across the disciplinary areasof the sciences and the humanities. Our resultsindicate that such differences do exist andinclude a proposed grounded theory thatdescribes how students' epistemologies may varyacross knowledge domains.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Adelman, C. (1998). Women and Men of the Engineering Path: A Model for Analysis of Undergraduate Careers. Washington, DC: Office of Educational Research and Improvement.

    Google Scholar 

  • Augustine, N.R. (1996, May 24, 1996). 'Rebuilding engineering education', Chronicle of Higher Education B1-B2.

  • Barr, R.B. and Tagg, J. (1995). 'From teaching to learning: A new paradigm for undergraduate education', Change 26(6), 12–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baxter Magolda, M.B. (1992). Knowing and Reasoning in College: Gender Related Patterns in Students' Intellectual Development. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baxter Magolda, M.B. (1999). 'The evolution of epistemology: Refining contextual knowledge at twentysomething', Journal of College Student Development 40(4), 333–344.

    Google Scholar 

  • Belenky, M.F., Clinchy, B.M., Goldberger, N.R. and Tarule, J.M. (1986). Women's Ways of Knowing: The Development of Self, Voice and Mind. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bereiter, C. and Scardamalia, M. (1986). 'Educational relevance of the study of expertise', Interchange 17(2), 10–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Biglan, A. (1973). 'The characteristics of subject matter in different academic areas', Journal of Applied Psychology 57(3), 195–203.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chickering, A. and Associates (1981). The Modern American College. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Donald, J.G. (1995). 'Disciplinary differences in knowledge validation', in Hativa, N. and Marincovich, M. (eds.), Disciplinary Differences in Teaching and Learning: Implications for Practice, Vol. 64. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, pp. 7–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duffy, T.M. and Jonassen, D.H. (1981). Constructivism and the Technology of Instruction: A Conversation. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Edmondson, K.M. and Novak, J.D. (1993). 'The interplay of scientific epistemological views, learning strategies, and attitudes of college students', Journal of Research in Science Teaching 30(6), 547–559.

    Google Scholar 

  • Entwistle, N. and Tait, H. (1993, April 1993). Approaches to Studying and Preferences for Teaching in Higher Education: Implications for Student Ratings. Paper presented at the AERA, Atlanta, GA.

  • Entwistle, N.J. (1995). 'Frameworks for understanding, as experienced in essay writing and in preparing for examinations', Educational Psychologist 30, 47–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Entwistle, N.J. and Entwistle, A.C. (1991). 'Contrasting forms of understanding for degree examinations: The student experience and its implications', Higher Education 22, 205–227.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gallagher, L.P. (2001, April, 2001). Domain Dependency in Adolescent's Epistemological Beliefs. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Seattle, WA.

  • Hammer, D. (1994). 'Epistemological beliefs in introductory physics', Cognition and Instruction 12(2): 151–183.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hofer, B.K. (2000). 'Dimensionality and disciplinary differences in personal epistemology', Contemporary Educational Psychology 25(4), 378–405.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hofer, B.K. and Pintrich, P.R. (1997). 'The development of epistemological theories: Beliefs about knowledge and knowing and their relation to learning', Review of Educational Research 67(1), 88–140.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jehng, J.-C.J., Johnson, S.D. and Anderson, R.C. (1993). 'Schooling and student's epistemological beliefs about learning', Contemporary Educational Psychology 18(1), 23–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • King, P.M. and Kitchener, K.S. (1994). Developing Reflective Judgment. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kitchener, K.S., Lynch, C.L., Fischer, K.W. and Wood, P.K. (1993). 'Developmental Range of Reflective Judgment: The effect of contextual support and practice on developmental stage', Developmental Psychology 29(5), 893–906.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kloss, R.J. (1994). 'A nudge is best: Helping students thought the Perry scheme of intellectual development', College Teaching 42(4), 151–158.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuhn, D. (1999). 'A developmental model of critical thinking', Educational Researcher 28(2), 16–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lincoln, Y.S. and Guba, E.G. (1982). Naturalistic Inquiry. Newbury Park: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marra, R., Palmer, B. and Litzinger, T. (2000). 'The effects of a first-year engineering design course on student intellectual development as measured by the Perry scheme', Journal of Engineering Education 89(1), 39–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miles, M.B. and Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paulsen, M.B. and Wells, C.T. (1998). 'Domain differences in the epistemological beliefs of college students', Research in Higher Education 39(4), 365–384.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pavelich, M.S. and Moore, W.S. (1996). 'Measuring the effect of experimental education using the Perry model', Journal of Engineering Education 85(4), 287–292.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perry, W.G. (1970). Intellectual and Ethical Development in the College Years: A Scheme. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Wiston.

    Google Scholar 

  • Qian, G. and Alvermann, D. (1995). 'Role of epistemological beliefs and learned helplessness in secondary school students' learning science concepts from text', Journal of Educational Psychology 87(2), 282–292.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schommer, M. (1993). 'Comparisons of beliefs about the nature of knowledge and learning among postsecondary students', Research in Higher Education 34(3), 355–370.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schommer, M. and Walker, K. (1995). 'Are epistemological beliefs similar across domains?' Journal of Educational Psychology 87(3), 424–432.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schommer-Aikens, M., Duell, O.K. and Barker, S.A. (2001, April, 2001). Domain Generality of Epistemological Beliefs: It's a Matter of Degree. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Seattle, WA.

  • Silverman, D. (1993). Interpreting Qualitative Data: Methods for Analyzing Talk, Text, and Interaction. Newbury Park: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Westby, E. and Samarapungavan, A. (2001, April, 2001). The Relationship between Increased Methodological Knowledge and Epistemic Beliefs: The Role of Instrumentation and Techniques in Chemistry Education. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Annual Meeting, Seattle, WA.

  • Wineburg, S.S. (1991). 'Historical problem-solving: A study of the cognitive processes used in the evaluation of documentary evidence and pictorial evidence', Journal of Educational Psychology 83(1), 73–87.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Betsy Palmer.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Palmer, B., Marra, R.M. College student epistemological perspectives across knowledge domains: A proposed grounded theory. Higher Education 47, 311–335 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HIGH.0000016445.92289.f1

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HIGH.0000016445.92289.f1

Navigation