Abstract
Continuous exposure for 7–10 days to 60% of ambient levels (sea level at mid-day in December) of UV-A and UV-B radiation caused cytological damage to regenerating fragments of Griffithsia pacifica under laboratory conditions. There was high mortality of individual cells and entire fragments in UV treated filaments. Rhizoid initiation was slower and rhizoids grew more slowly following UV treatment. After 7 days, UV radiated thalli showed chloroplast and nuclear degeneration. In addition, filaments tended to disarticulate so that single or groups of apparently healthy cells were common in the medium. These data suggest that the subtidal habitat of G. pacifica is based in part on lack of tolerance to UV radiation, and that UV protection mechanisms are not inducible or insufficient to prevent the accumulation of damage in this species.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Caldwell, M. M., A. H. Teramura, M. Tevini, J. F. Bornman, L. O. Björn & G. Kulandaivelu, 1995. Effects of increased solar ultraviolet radiation on terrestrial plants. Ambio 24: 166–173.
Dring, M. J., A. Wagner, J. Boeskov & K. Lüning, 1996. Sensitivity of intertidal and subtidal red algae to UVA and UVB radiation, as monitored by chlorophyll fluorescence measurements: influence of collection depth and season, and length of irradiation. Eur. J. Phycol. 31: 293–302.
Franklin, L. A. & R. M. Forster, 1997. The changing irradiance environment: consequences for marine macrophyte physiology, productivity and ecology. Eur. J. Phycol. 32: 207–232.
Franklin, L. A., R. M. Forster & K. Lüning, 1998. UVB radiation and macroalgae: present effects and future directions. Eur. Soc. Photobiol., Proc. 1998: 1–12.
Garbary, D. J. & A. R. McDonald, 1998. Molecules, organelles and cells: fluorescence microscopy and red algal development. In Cooksey, K. E. (ed.), Molecular Approaches to the Study of the Ocean. Chapman & Hall, London: 409–422.
Garbary, D. J., A. R. McDonald & J. G. Duckett, 1992. Visualization of the cytoskeleton in red algae using fluorescent labelling. New Phytol. 120: 435–444.
Guiry, M. D. & E. Cunningham, 1984. Photoperiodic and temperature responses in the reduction of north-eastern Atlantic Gigartina acicularis (Rhodophyta: Gigartinales). Phycologia 23: 357–367.
Häder, D.-P. & F. L. Figueroa, 1997. Photoecophysiology of marine macroalgae. Photochem. Photobiol. 66: 1–14.
Heath, I. B., 1990. Tip Growth in Plant and Fungal Cells. Academic Press, San Diego.
Karentz, D., 1994. Ultraviolet tolerance mechanisms in Antarctic marine organisms. Ant. Res. Ser. 62: 93–110.
Karentz, D., F. S. McEuen, M. C. Land & W. C. Dunlap, 1991. Survey of mycosporine-like amino acid compounds in Antarctic marine organisms: potential protection from ultraviolet exposure. Mar. Biol. 108: 157–166.
Karsten, U., L. A. Franklin, K. Lüning & C. Wiencke, 1998. Natural ultraviolet-radiation and photosynthetically active radiation induce formation of mycosporine-like amino-acids in the marine macroalga Chondrus-crispus (Rhodophyta). Planta 205: 257–262.
Koslowsky, D. J. & S. D. Waaland, 1984. Cytoplasmic incompatibility following somatic cell fusion in Griffithsia pacifica Kylin, a red alga. Protoplasma 123: 8–17.
Koslowsky, D. J. & S. D. Waaland, 1987. Ultrastructure of selective chloroplast destruction after somatic cell fusion in Griffithsia pacifica Kylin (Rhodophyta). J. Phycol. 23: 638–648.
Madronich, S., R. L. McKenzie, M. Caldwell & L. O. Björn, 1995. Changes in ultraviolet radiation reaching the earth surface. Ambio 24: 143–152.
McKerracher, L. J. & I. B. Heath, 1986. Fungal nuclear behavior analysed by ultraviolet microbeam irradiation. Cell Motil. Cytoskel. 6: 35–47.
Pakker, H. & A. M. Breeman, 1997. Effects of ultraviolet-B radiation on macroalgae: DNA damage and repair. Phycologia 36 (4, supplement): 82–83.
Pavia, H., G. Cervin, A. Lindgren & P. Åberg, 1997. Effects of UV-B radiation and simulated herbivory on phlorotannins in the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 157: 139–146.
Russell, C. A., M. D. Guiry, A. R. McDonald & D. J. Garbary, 1996. Actin-mediated chloroplast movement in Griffithsia pacifica (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta). Phycol. Res. 44: 57–61.
Xiong, F., J. Komenda, J. Kopecky & L. Nedbal, 1997. Strategies of ultraviolet-B protection in microscopic algae. Physiol. Plant. 11: 378–388.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Garbary, D.J., Young Kim, K. & Hoffman, J. Cytological damage to the red alga Griffithsia pacifica from ultraviolet radiation. Hydrobiologia 512, 165–170 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HYDR.0000020323.78605.9e
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HYDR.0000020323.78605.9e