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Impact of Deletions within the Bam HI-L Fragment of Attenuated Marek's Disease Virus on vIL-8 Expression and the Newly Identified Transcript of Open Reading Frame LORF4

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Abstract

Marek's disease (MD) in chickens is caused by MD herpesvirus (MDV), which induces T cell lymphomas. The early pathogenesis of MDV infection is characterized by a primary infection in B lymphocytes followed by infection of activated T lymphocytes. It has been speculated that a MDV-encoded homologue of interleukin-8 (vIL-8) may be important to attract activated T lymphocytes to infected B lymphocytes. Recently, more virulent strains of MDV have emerged, named very virulent plus (vv+)MDV, that cause earlier and more prolonged cytolytic infections compared to less virulent strains. In this report, it was found that vIL-8 mRNA expression in vivo was increased in very virulent (vv) and vv+MDV strains compared to mild (m) and virulent (v) strains, and could not be detected in two attenuated MDV strains examined using very sensitive real-time quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays. In order to identify potential mechanisms for the increased vIL-8 mRNA expression in more virulent strains, and lack thereof in attenuated strains, the vIL-8 gene and putative promoter sequences upstream of the vIL-8 gene were compared from 10 different MDV strains, including attenuated derivatives. Only the JM-16 strain (both non-attenuated and attenuated) and attenuated 584A (584Ap80C) encoded a predicted vIL-8 gene sequence different from all other strains examined. Within the putative vIL-8 gene promoter sequence, there was little difference among the non-attenuated strains; however significant deletions were identified in the attenuated JM-16/p71, Md11 (R2/23), and 584Ap80C strains. Additionally, these deletions were located within a previously hypothetical open reading frame (ORF) named LORF4. Rapid amplification of cDNA ends identified a full-length transcript of LORF4 in the MDV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell line MSB-1, and deletions within this ORF caused truncated predicted proteins in 4 out of 6 attenuated MDV strains examined.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unit of Avian Health, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA; Author for all correspondence. E-mail

    Keith William Jarosinski, Priscilla Helene O'Connell & Karel Antoni Schat

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  1. Keith William Jarosinski
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  2. Priscilla Helene O'Connell
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  3. Karel Antoni Schat
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Correspondence to Keith William Jarosinski.

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Jarosinski, K.W., O'Connell, P.H. & Schat, K.A. Impact of Deletions within the Bam HI-L Fragment of Attenuated Marek's Disease Virus on vIL-8 Expression and the Newly Identified Transcript of Open Reading Frame LORF4. Virus Genes 26, 255–269 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024447230464

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