Abstract
We have examined the effect of sucrose on adventitious root formation in apple microcuttings and in 1-mm stem slices cut from apple microcuttings. The sucrose concentration influenced the number of adventitious roots, but at a broad range of sucrose concentrations (1–9%) the effect was small. In addition, there was an interaction between sucrose and auxin: increasing the sucrose concentration shifted the dose–response curve of auxin to the right. When slices were cultured on medium without sucrose for the initial period (0–48 h), rooting was reduced whereas 48-h culture without application of sucrose had hardly any effect or even a slight promotive effect in a later period (48–120 h). The results show that during adventitious root formation, applied sucrose is used as a source of energy and building blocks but they are also in accordance with a possible regulatory role of sucrose.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Borisjuk L, Walenta S, Weber H, Müller-Klieser W & Wobus U (1998) High-resolution histographical mapping of glucose concentrations in developing cotyledons of Vicia faba in relation to mitotic activity and storage processes: glucose as a possible developmental trigger. Plant J. 15: 583–591
Capelladas M, Lemeur R & Debergh P (1991) Effect of sucrose on starch accumulation and rate of photosynthesis in Rosa cultured in vitro. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 25: 21–26
Chenevard D, Frossard JS & Jay-Allemand C (1997) Carbohydrate reserves and CO2 balance of hybrid walnut (Juglans nigra no. 23 × Juglans regia) plantlets during acclimatisation. Sci. Hort. 68: 207–217
De Klerk GJ & Caillat E (1994) Rooting responses of stem-disks excised from the same ‘M9 Jork’ microcutting. Adv. Hort. Sci. 8: 15–18
De Klerk GJ, Keppel M, Ter Brugge J & Meekes H (1995) Timing of the phases in adventitious root formation in apple microcuttings. J. Exp. Bot. 46: 965–972
De Klerk GJM & Gerrits MM (1996) Development of dormancy in tissue-cultured lily bulblets and apple shoots. In: Lang GA (ed) Plant Dormancy - Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (pp 115–131). CAB International, Wallingford
De Klerk GJ, Van der Krieken W & De Jong J (1999a) The formation of adventitious roots: new concepts, new possibilities. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. 35: 189–199
De Klerk GJ, Paffen A, Jasik J & Haralampieva V (1999b) A dual effect of ethylene during rooting of apple microcuttings. In: Altman A, Ziv M & Izhar S (eds) Plant Biotechnology and In Vitro Biology in the 21st Century (pp 41–44). Kluwer, Dordrecht
Emons AMC (1994) Somatic embryogenesis: cell biological aspects. Acta Bot. Neerl 43: 1–14
George, EF (1993) Plant Propagation by Tissue Culture, Vol. 1. The Technology. Exegetics Ltd., Edington
Gibson SI (2000) Plant sugar-response pathways. Part of a complex regulatory web. Plant Physiol. 124: 1532–1539
Jasik J & De Klerk GJ (1997) Anatomical and ultrastructural examination of adventitious root formation in stem slices of apple. Biol. Plant. 39: 79–90
Lazzeri PA, Hildebrand DF, Sunega J, Williams EG & Collins GB (1988) Soybean somatic embryogenesis: interactions between sucrose and auxin. Plant Cell Rep. 7: 517–520
Meir S, Philosophos-Hadas S, Epstein E & Aharoni N (1985) Carbohydrates stimulate ethylene production in tobacco leaf discs. 1. Interaction with auxin and the relation to auxin metabolism. Plant Physiol. 78: 131–138
Pawlicki N & Welander M (1995) Influence of carbohydrate source, auxin concentration and time of exposure in adventitious rooting of the apple rootstock Jork 9. Plant Sci. 106: 167–176
Roldán M, Gómez-Mena C, Ruiz-García L, Salinas J & Martínez-Zapater JM (1999) Sucrose availability on the aerial part of the plant promotes morphogenesis and flowering in Arabidopsis in the dark. Plant J. 20: 581–590
Smeekens S (2000) Sugar-induced signal transduction in plants. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 51: 49–81
Thorpe TA & Murashige T (1968) Starch accumulation in shoot-forming tobacco callus cultures. Science 160: 421–422
Thorpe TA, Joy RW IV & Leung WM (1986) Starch turnover in shoot-forming tobacco callus. Physiol. Plant. 66: 58–62
Van der Krieken WM, Breteler H, Visser MHM & Mavridou D (1993) The role of conversion of IBA into IAA on root regeneration in apple: introduction of a test system. Plant Cell Rep. 12: 203–206
Veierskov B (1986) Relations between carbohydrates and adventitious root formation. In: Jackson Jackson (ed) New Root Formation in Plants and Cuttings (pp 70–78). Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht
Warren Wilson J, Roberts LW, Warren Wilson PM & Gresshoff PM (1994) Stimulatory and inhibitory effects of sucrose concentration on xylogenesis in lettuce pith explants; possible mediation by ethylene biosynthesis. Ann. Bot. 71: 65–73
Weber H, Heim U, Golombek S, Borisjuk L, Manteuffel R & Wobus U (1998) Expression of a yeast-derived invertase in developing cotyledons of Vicia narbonensis alters the carbohydrate state and affects storage functions. Plant J. 16: 163–172
Zimmermann MH & Ziegler H (1975) List of sugars and sugar alcohols in sieve-tube exudates. In: Zimmermann MH & Milburn JA (eds) Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology. New Series Vol 1 (pp 480–503). Springer Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg, New York
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Calamar, A., de Klerk, GJ. Effect of sucrose on adventitious root regeneration in apple. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 70, 207–212 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016356123367
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016356123367