Abstract
Hydroxyapatite has been investigated for use in the osseous environment for over 20 years and the biocompatibility of the ceramic and its osseoconductive behavior is well established. Therefore, the use of porous hydroxyapatite for the repair of osseous defects seems promising with potential for complete penetration of osseous tissue and restoration of vascularity throughout the repair site. However, there have been few systematic studies of the effects of physical properties such as macropore size and pore connectivity on the rate and quality of bone integration within porous hydroxyapatite implants. This paper quantifies the early biological response to a well-characterized series of implants with uniform microstructure and phase composition, but differing macrostructures and demonstrates the dependence of the rate of osseointegration on the apparent density of porous hydroxyapatite as a function of pore connectivity. Furthermore, compression testing established that bony ingrowth has a strong reinforcing effect on porous hydroxyapatite implants, which is more pronounced in the lower density implants, as a result of a greater relative volume of bone ingrowth. © 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
H. W. Denissen, K. De Groot, A. A. Driessen, J. G. C. WOLKE, J. G. J. Peelen, H. J. A. Van Dijk, A. P. Gehring and P. J. Klopper, Sci. Ceram. 10 (1980) 63.
H. Aoki, in ‘Science and medical applications of hydroxyapatite’ (Takayama Press, Tokyo, 1991) 137.
P. K. Stephenson, M. A. R. Freeman, P. A. Revell, J. German, M. Tuke and C. J. Pirie, J. Arthroplasty 6 (1991) 51.
W. F. De Jong, Rec. Trav. Chim. 45 (1926) 445.
A. S. Posner, Phys. Rev. 49 (1969) 760.
G. Heimke, in ‘Osseo-intergrated implants’, edited by G. Heimke (CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1990) p. 2.
R. E. Holmes, Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 63 (1979) 626.
R. E. Holmes, V. Mooney, R. Bucholz and A. Tencer,Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. 188 (1984) 252.
F.-H. Lin, C.-C. Lin, H.-C. Liu, Y.-Y. Huang, C.-Y. Wang and C.-M. Lu, Biomaterials 15 (1994) 1087.
R. B. Martin, M. W. Chapman, N. A. Sharkey, S. L. Zissimos and B. Bay, ibid. 14 (1993) 341.
J. H. Kuèhne, R. Bartl, B. Frish, C. Hanmer, V. Jansson and M. Zimmer, Acta Orthop. Scand. 65 (1994) 246.
W. Renooij, H. A. Hoogendoorn, W. J. Visser, R. H. F. Lentferink, M. G. J. Schmitz, H. Van Ieperen, S. J. Oldenburg, W. M. J anssen, L. M. A. Akkermans and P. Wittebol, Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. 197 (1985) 272.
M. Ogiso, Y. Yamashita, T. Tabata, R. Ramonito and D. Borgese, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 28 (1994) 805.
J. W. Smith, J. Bone Joint Surg. 45-B (1963) 761.
S. F. Hulbert, J. S. Morrison and J. J. Klawitter,J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 6 (1972) 347.
J. J. Klawitter, J. G. Bagwell, A. M. Weinstein, B. W. Sauer and J. R. Pruitt, ibid. 10 (1976) 311.
J. J. Klawitter and S. F. Hulbert, ibid. 5 (1971) 161.
A. Uchida, S. M. L. Nade, E. R. Mccartney and W. Ching, J. Bone Joint Surg. 66-B (1984) 269.
G. Daculsi and N. Passuti, Biomaterials 11 (1990) 86.
P. S. Eggli, W. Muller and R. K. Schenk, Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. 232 (1988) 127.
L. J. Gibson, J. Biomech. 18 (1985) 317.
L. J. Gibson and M. F. Ashby, in ‘Cellular solids’ (Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1988) p. 120.
K. A. Hing, S. M. Best, P. A. Revell, K. E. Tanner and W. Bonfield, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Med. 8 (1997) 731.
M. TreÂcant, J. DeleÂcrin, J. Royer, E. Goyenvalle and G. Daculsi, Clin. Mater. 15 (1994) 233.
K. A. Hing, S. M. Best and W. Bonfield, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Med. (in press).
K. Donath, J. Oral Pathol. 11 (1982) 318.
E. R. Weibel and H. E. Elias, in ‘Quantitative methods in morphology’, edited by E. R. Weibel and H. E. Elias (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1967) 87.
H. M. Frost, in ‘Bone histomorphometry’, edited by P. J. Meunier (1976) 361.
G. H. Bourne, in ‘The biochemistry and physiology of bone’ (Academic Press, New York, 1972) p. 1.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hing, K.A., Best, S.M., Tanner, K.E. et al. Quantification of bone ingrowth within bone-derived porous hydroxyapatite implants of varying density. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 10, 663–670 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008900127475
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008900127475