Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The influence of cytokinins and ionic strength of Anderson's medium on shoot establishment and proliferation of evergreen azalea

  • Published:
Euphytica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Shoot-tip explants of evergreen azalea cv. Fuchsia grown on Anderson's medium and containing different cytokinins produced the highest proliferation rate on a medium containing thidiazuron (TDZ). TDZ concentrations ranging from 0.23 to 2.3 μM resulted in both good bud-break rate (4 to 5) and shoot quality (> 0.5 cm in length). Adding 2.3 μM zeatin to Anderson's medium containing 0.23 or 2.3 μM TDZ increased the number of axillary shoots/explant. However, increasing the zeatin concentration to 4.6 μM resulted in a reduced shoot proliferation rate. A medium containing 1.15 μM TDZ and 2.3 μM zeatin resulted in an 18-fold increase for 'Fuchsia' and a 9-fold increase for 'Hino Crimson' after 6 weeks of culture. It was found that explants grown on a half-strength Anderson's medium with 87.6 mM sucrose generally had better shoot proliferation rate and shoot quality than at higher ionic strength.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Anderson, W.C., 1975. Propagation of rhododendrons by tissue culture: part 1. Development of a culture medium for multiplication of shoots. Proc Intl Plant Prop Soc 25: 129-135.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, W.C., 1978. Rooting of tissue cultured rhododendrons. Proc Intl Plant Prop Soc 28: 135-139.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, W.C., 1984. A revised tissue culture medium for shoot multiplication of rhododendron. J Amer Soc Hort Sci 109: 343-347.

    Google Scholar 

  • Briggs, B.A., 1988. Micropropagation of azalea using thidiazuron. Acta Hort 227: 330-333.

    Google Scholar 

  • Choudhary, M.L., 1991. Effect of medium components and explant position on in vitro shoot proliferation of Indian rose. Nat Acad Sci Lett 14: 439-441.

    Google Scholar 

  • Economou, A.S. & E. Read, 1981. Effect of benzyladenine, kinetin, and 2-isopentenyladenine on in vitro shoot formation of hardy deciduous azaleas. Proc Plant Growth Reg Soc Amer 8: 8-14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Economou, A.S. & E. Read, 1986. Microcutting production from sequential reculturing of hardy deciduous azalea shoot tips. HortScience 21: 137-139.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ettinger, T.L. & J.E. Preece, 1985. Aseptic micropropagation of Rhododendron P.J.M. hybrids. J Hort Sci 60: 269-274.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fordham, I. & D.P. Stimart, 1982. Axillary and adventitious shoot proliferation of exbury azaleas in vitro. HortScience 17: 738-739.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kyte, L. & B. Briggs, 1979. A simplified entry into tissue culture production of Rhododendrons. Proc Intl Plant Prop Soc 29: 90-95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huetteman, C.A. & J.E. Preece, 1993. Thidiazuron: a potent cytokinin for woody plant tissue culture. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 33: 105-119.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hyndman, S.E., P.M. Hasegawa & R.A. Bressan, 1982. The role of sucrose and nitrogen in adventitious root formation on cultured rose shoots. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 1: 229-238.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iapichino, G., T.H.H. Chen & L.H. Fuchigami, 1991. Adventious shoot production from a vireya hybrid of rhododendron. Hort Science 26: 594-596.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marroquin, C. & T. Kodama, 1989. Progress in reducing the cost of micropropagation. IAPTC Newslett 59: 2-12.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCown, B.H. & G.B. Lloyd, 1983. A survey of the response of rhododendron in vitro culture. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 2: 77-85.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mok, M.C., D.W.S. Moc, D.J. Armstrong, K. Shudo, Y. Isogai & T. Okamoto, 1982. Cytokinin activity of N-phenyl-N′-1,2,3-thidiazol-5-ylurea (thidiazruon). Phytochemistry 21: 1509-1511.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mok, M.C. & W.S. Mok, 1985. The metabolism of [14C]-thidiazuron in callus tissues of Phaseolus lunatus. Physiol Plant 65: 427-432.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mok, M.C., D.W.S. Moc, J.E. Turner & C.V. Mujer, 1987. Biological and biochemical effects of cytokinin-active phenylurea derivatives in tissue culture systems. HortScience 22: 1194-1197.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murashige, T. & F. Skoog, 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant 15: 473-497.

    Google Scholar 

  • Norton, M.E. & C.R. Norton, 1985. In vitro propagation of Ericaceae: A comparison of the activity of the cytokinins N6-benzyladenine and N6-isopentenyladenine in shoot proliferation. Scientia Hort 27: 335-340.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strode, R.E., P.A. Travers & R.P. Oglesby, 1979. Commercial micropropagation of Rhododendrons. Proc Intl Plant Prop Soc 29: 439-442.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, J.C. & F.R. Katterman, 1986. Cytokinin activity induced by thidiazuron. Plant Physiol 81: 681-683.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vijaya, N. & G. Satyanarayana, 1991. Effect of culture media and growth regulators on in vitro propagation. In: J. Prakash & R.L.M. Pierik (Eds) Horticulture — New technologies and applications, pp. 209-214. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wong, S., 1981. Direct rooting of tissue cultured Rhododendrons into an artificial soil mix. Proc Intl Plant Prop Soc 31: 36-39.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Perennial Plant Biogenetics Laboratory, Department of Natural Resources & Environmental Sciences, 310 Madigan Bldg., University of Illinois, 1201 W. Gregory, Urbana, IL, 61801, U.S.A

    Chi-Ni Hsia & Schuyler S. Korban

Authors
  1. Chi-Ni Hsia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Schuyler S. Korban
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hsia, CN., Korban, S.S. The influence of cytokinins and ionic strength of Anderson's medium on shoot establishment and proliferation of evergreen azalea. Euphytica 93, 11–17 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1002945922280

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1002945922280

Search

Navigation