Abstract
The spectral properties of two fluorescent alkali ion indicators, the commercially available cryptand CD222 and a new bipyridyl-type cryptand, F[bpy.bpy.2], bearing the trifluorocoumarino residue are investigated in aqueous solution as a function of pH as well as around neutral pH in the presence of alkali and alkaline earth cations. From the values of the acidity constants it is concluded that bridgehead nitrogen deprotonation occurs at a much lower pH for CD222 (pK a below 5.5) than for F[bpy.bpy.2]. Spectrofluorometric titrations with salts of NH+ 4, TI+, and alkali as well as alkaline earth cations indicate that both indicators are K+ selective. F[bpy.bpy.2] shows the higher K+/Na+ selectivity and larger fluorescence intensity changes but the slower dynamic response. Under suitable conditions, alkali ion binding by CD222 can occur in less than 1 ms.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
C. Krause, T. Werner, C. Huber, and O. S. Wolfbeis (1999) Anal. Chem. 71, 5304-5308.
R. Y. Tsien (1980) Biochemistry 19, 2396-2404.
B. Dietrich, J. M. Lehn, and J. P. Sauvage (1969) Tetrahedron Lett. 34, 2885-2888.
A. Minta and R. Y. Tsien (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 32, 19449-19457.
R. Crossley, Z. Goolamali, and P. G. Sammes (1994) J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 2, 1615-1623.
P. Buet, F. Kastenholz, E. Grell, G. Käb, A. Häfner, and F. W. Schneider (1999) J. Phys. Chem. 103, 5871-5881.
F. Kastenholz (1993) Ph.D. thesis, Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt, and University of Cologne.
A substantial part of this study is from the Ph.D. thesis of P. Buet (2000), Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt, CNRS Strasbourg, and University of Strasbourg.
E. Grell, B. Gersch, P. Buet, G. Quinkert, and J.-M. Lehn, manuscript in preparation.
B. Gersch (1998) Ph.D. thesis, Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt, and University of Frankfurt.
J. R. Lakowicz (1986) Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Plenum Press, New York, pp. 40-43.
R. Arnek, L. G. Sillen, and O. Wahlberg (1968) Ark. Kemi 31, 353-363.
P. Brauner, L. G. Sillen, and R. Whiteker (1968) Ark. Kemi 31, 365-376.
L. G. Sillen and B. Warnqvist (1968) Ark. Kemi 31, 377-390.
A. Schmid, H. Ruf, G. Mager, and E. Stelzer, unpublished program, Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt.
Microcal Software, Northampton, MA.
P. Buet, E. Lewitzki, E. Grell, A.-M. Albrecht-Gary, K. J. Wannovius, F. Maß, H. Elias, A. A. Mundt, and Y. Dupont (2001) Anal. Chem. 73, 857-863.
H. Szmacinski and J. R. Lakowicz (1999) Sensors Actuat. B 60, 8-18.
R. Haughland (1996) Handbook of Fluorescent Probes and Research Chemicals 6, Molecular Probes, Eugene, OR, pp. 573-575.
M. Doludda, F. Kastenholz, E. Lewitzki, and E. Grell (1996) J. Fluoresc. 6, 159-163.
J. M. Lehn and J. P. Sauvage (1975) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 12, 6700-6707.
G. Anderegg (1975) Helv. Chim. Acta 58, 1218-1225.
P. Krumholz (1951) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 73, 3487-3491.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Buet, P., Gersch, B. & Grell, E. Spectral Properties, Cation Selectivity, and Dynamic Efficiency of Fluorescent Alkali Ion Indicators in Aqueous Solution Around Neutral pH. Journal of Fluorescence 11, 79–87 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016611500005
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016611500005