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Key processes of the nitrogen cycle in an irrigated and a non-irrigated grazed pasture

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Abstract

The paper presents integrated measurements of N fixation, net mineralisation, pasture yield and change in soil mineral N over a 12 month period for dairy pastures on a sandy loam soil in the South East of South Australia. The two adjacent pastures studied were an irrigated perennial white clover-ryegrass and an annual non-irrigated subterranean clover with mixed annual grasses. This produced the most comprehensive mineral N balance reported for grazed pastures, to the authors' knowledge, allowing calculation of gaseous and leaching losses of N (210 kg ha−1 in the irrigated and paddock and 81 kg ha−1 in the non irrigated paddock) primarily from urine patches. In both paddocks these losses were about three times the N yield in milk (61 and 28 kg N ha−1 respectively) and were replenished by biological N fixation (294 and 100 kg N ha−1). However, mineralisation of soil organic N, excretal N and pasture residues (687 and 438 kg N ha−1) was the major source of mineral N for cycling and losses. The results demonstrate the enormous impact of pasture management on N fluxes and reinforce the importance of livestock urine on the magnitude of N fluxes including gaseous and leaching losses.

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Authors
  1. Naser Pakrou
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  2. Peter Dillon
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Pakrou, N., Dillon, P. Key processes of the nitrogen cycle in an irrigated and a non-irrigated grazed pasture. Plant and Soil 224, 231–250 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004838323594

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