Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-pftt2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-24T10:30:38.327Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Low-cost, compact, and reconfigurable antennas using complementary split-ring resonator metasurface for next-generation communication systems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 October 2022

Shobhit K. Patel Open the ORCID record for Shobhit K. Patel [Opens in a new window] ,
Sunil P. Lavadiya ,
Juveriya Parmar ,
Sudipta Das Open the ORCID record for Sudipta Das [Opens in a new window] ,
Kawsar Ahmed  and
Sofyan A. Taya
Shobhit K. Patel*
Affiliation:
Department of Computer Engineering, Marwadi University, Rajkot 360003, India
Sunil P. Lavadiya
Affiliation:
Information and Communication Technology Engineering Department, Marwadi University, Rajkot 360003, India
Juveriya Parmar
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 1400 R St., Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
Sudipta Das
Affiliation:
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, IMPS College of Engineering and Technology, Malda, West Bengal, India
Kawsar Ahmed
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada Group of Biophotomatiχ, Department of Information and Communication Technology, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
Sofyan A. Taya
Affiliation:
Physics Department, Islamic University of Gaza, P.O. Box 108, Gaza, Palestine
*
Author for correspondence: Shobhit K. Patel, E-mail: shobhitkumar.patel@marwadieducation.edu.in
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An innovative and simple method for attaining broadband frequency reconfigurable antenna structure is presented using low-cost materials and a compact design. The frequency reconfigurability is attained by the “OFF” and “ON” mechanisms of three PIN diodes. Many performance observations are carried out such as reflectance coefficient, bandwidth (BW), resonance frequency, electric field, feed position variation, and gain among different configurations. The suitability of the presented work for the different applications lies in the X frequency band. The resonating frequency for all switch OFF modes is achieved at 13.2 GHz and one switch ON mode at 10.7 GHz. The proposed design yields the frequency tunability behavior over the broadband of 2.5 GHz. The design yields the directivity of 5.58 dB, the minimum reflectance coefficient of −17.27 dB, and a total gain of 3.87 dB. This design offers an electric field of 46 558 v/m, a BW of 340 MHz, and a normalized directivity of 87° using low-cost substrates. The results of the presented design were also fabricated and related to simulated results. Performance observation of the proposed work with previously published research work is also included. The presented design provides the solution of the low-cost, compact, reconfigurable antennas, which can be used for next-generation communication systems.

Keywords

Antennahigh gainlow costmicrostripPIN diodereconfigurable
Type
Antenna Design, Modeling and Measurements
Information
International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies , Volume 15 , Issue 5 , June 2023 , pp. 860 - 870
Check for updates
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with the European Microwave Association

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

These authors contributed equally to this work.

References

Asaadi, M, Afifi, I and Sebak, AR (2018) High gain and wideband high dense dielectric patch antenna using FSS superstrate for millimeter-wave applications. IEEE Access 6, 38243–38250.10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2854225CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yang, L and Zhuang, J (2020) Compact quasi-Yagi antenna with enhanced bandwidth and stable high gain. Electronics Letters 56, 219–220.10.1049/el.2019.3338CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cao, Y, Cai Y, Cao W, Xi B, Qian Z, Wu T and Zhu L (2019) Broadband and high-gain microstrip patch antenna loaded with parasitic mushroom-type structure. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 18, 1405–1409.10.1109/LAWP.2019.2917909CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abdulmajid, AA, Khamas, S and Zhang, S (2020) Wide bandwidth high gain circularly polarized millimetre-wave rectangular dielectric resonator antenna. Progress in Electromagnetics Research M 89, 171–177.10.2528/PIERM19111903CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, P, Jiang, W, Sun, S, Xi, Y and Gong, S (2020) Broadband and low-profile penta-polarization reconfigurable metamaterial antenna. IEEE Access 8, 21823–21831.10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2969488CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allayioti, M, Kelly, JR and Mittra, R (2018) Beam and polarization reconfigurable microstrip antenna based on parasitics. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 60, 1460–1464.10.1002/mop.31184CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, LW, Li, YN, Yeo, TS, Mosig, JR and Martin, OJF (2010) A broadband and high-gain metamaterial microstrip antenna. Applied Physics Letters 96, 3–5.Google Scholar
Hoque, A, Islam, MT and Almutairi, AF (2020) Low-profile slotted metamaterial antenna based on bi slot microstrip patch for 5G application. Sensors (Switzerland) 20, 1–20.10.3390/s20113323CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patel, SK, Lavadiya, S, Kosta, YP, Kosta, M, Nguyen, TK and Dhasarathan, V (2020) Numerical investigation of liquid metamaterial-based superstrate microstrip radiating structure. Physica B: Condensed Matter 585, 412095.10.1016/j.physb.2020.412095CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hasan, MM, Faruque, MRI and Islam, MT (2018) Dual band metamaterial antenna for LTE/Bluetooth/WiMAX system. Scientific Reports 8, 1240. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-19705-3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Patel, SK and Argyropoulos, C (2016) Enhanced bandwidth and gain of compact microstrip antennas loaded with multiple corrugated split ring resonators. Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 30, 945–961.10.1080/09205071.2016.1167633CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, D, Szabo, Z, Qing, X, Li, EP and Chen, ZN (2012) A high gain antenna with an optimized metamaterial inspired superstrate. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 60, 6018–6023.10.1109/TAP.2012.2213231CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rashed, ANZ and Sharshar, HA (2013) Optical microstrip patch antennas design and analysis. Optik (Stuttgart) 124, 4331–4335.10.1016/j.ijleo.2013.01.003CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amiri, IS, Rashed, ANZ and Yupapin, P (2019) Z shaped like resonator with crystal in the presence of flat mirror based standing wave ratio for optical antenna systems. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 17, 1405–1409.10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i3.pp1405-1409CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yilmaz, HO and Yaman, F (2020) Metamaterial antenna designs for a 5.8-GHz Doppler radar. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 69, 1775–1782.10.1109/TIM.2019.2914131CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhattacharya, A and Jyoti, R (2015) Frequency reconfigurable patch antenna using PIN diode at X-band. 2015 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Recent Trends in Inf. Syst. ReTIS 2015 – Proceedings, pp. 81–86. Available at doi: 10.1109/ReTIS.2015.7232857.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patel, SK, Argyropoulos, C and Kosta, YP (2018) Pattern controlled and frequency tunable microstrip antenna loaded with multiple split ring resonators. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 12, 390–394.10.1049/iet-map.2017.0319CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patel, SK, Shah, KH and Kosta, YP (2019) Frequency-reconfigurable and high-gain metamaterial microstrip-radiating structure. Waves in Random and Complex Media 29, 523–539.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patel, SK, Lavadiya, SP, Parmar, J, Ahmed, K, Taya, SA and Das, S (2022) Low-cost, multiband, high gain and reconfigurable microstrip radiating structure using PIN diode for 5G/Wi-MAX/WLAN applications. Physica B: Condensed Matter 639, 413972.10.1016/j.physb.2022.413972CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sumathi, K, Lavadiya, S, Yin, PZ, Parmar, J and Patel, SK (2021) High gain multiband and frequency reconfigurable metamaterial superstrate microstrip patch antenna for C/X/Ku-band wireless network applications. Wireless Networks 27, 2131–2146.10.1007/s11276-021-02567-5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ashvanth, B, Partibane, B, Nabi Alsath, MG and Kalidoss, R (2019) Tunable dual band antenna with multipattern reconfiguration for vehicular applications. International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering 29(12), e21973. doi: 10.1002/mmce.21973.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kishore, N, Prakash, A and Tripathi, VS (2017) A reconfigurable ultra wide band antenna with defected ground structure for ITS application. AEU – International Journal of Electronics and Communications 72, 210–215.10.1016/j.aeue.2016.12.009CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Han, L, Wang, C, Zhang, W, Ma, R and Zeng, Q (2018) Design of frequency- and pattern-reconfigurable wideband slot antenna. International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 678018, 1–7. doi: 10.1155/2018/3678018.Google Scholar
Hussain, R, Raza, A, Khan, MU, Shammim, A and Sharawi, MS (2019) Miniaturized frequency reconfigurable pentagonal MIMO slot antenna for interweave CR applications. International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering 29(9), e21811. doi: 10.1002/mmce.21811.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nguyen-Trong, N and Fumeaux, C (2018) Tuning range and efficiency optimization of a frequency-reconfigurable patch antenna. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 17, 150–154.10.1109/LAWP.2017.2778272CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nguyen, TK, Patel, SK, Lavadiya, S, Parmar, J and Bui, CD (2022) Design and fabrication of multiband reconfigurable copper and liquid multiple complementary split-ring resonator based patch antenna. Waves in Random and Complex Media, 1–24. doi: 10.1080/17455030.2021.2024623.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lavadiya, SP, Patel, SK and Rayisyan, M (2021) High gain and frequency reconfigurable copper and liquid metamaterial tooth based microstrip patch antenna. AEU – International Journal of Electronics and Communications 137, 153799.10.1016/j.aeue.2021.153799CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patel, SK and Kosta, Y (2013) Investigation on radiation improvement of corner truncated triband square microstrip patch antenna with double negative material. Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 27, 819–833.10.1080/09205071.2013.789407CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patel, SK, Kosta, YP and Charola, S (2018) Liquid metamaterial based radome design. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 60, 2303–2309.10.1002/mop.31350CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lavadiya, SP, Sorathiya V, Kanzariya S, Chavda B, Naweed, A, Faragallah OS, Eid MM and Rashed ANZ (2022) Low profile multiband microstrip patch antenna with frequency reconfigurable feature using PIN diode for S, C, X, and Ku band applications. International Journal of Communication Systems 35(9), e5141. doi: 10.1002/dac.5141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Azarian, MH, Lando, E and Pecht, M (2011) An analytical model of the RF impedance change due to solder joint cracking. In 2011 IEEE 15th Workshop on Signal Propagation on Interconnects, SPI 2011 – Proceedings, pp. 89–92. Available at doi: 10.1109/SPI.2011.5898847.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bahramzy, P, Jagielski, O and Pedersen, GF (2013) Thermal loss and soldering effect study of high-Q antennas in handheld devices. 2013 7th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2013, pp. 878–881.Google Scholar
Li, PK, Shao, ZH, Wang, Q and Cheng, YJ (2015) Frequency- and pattern-reconfigurable antenna for multistandard wireless applications. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 14, 333–336.10.1109/LAWP.2014.2359196CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Selvam, YP, Elumalai, L, Alsath, MGN, Kanagasabai, M, Subbaraj, S and Kingsly, S (2017) Novel frequency- and pattern-reconfigurable rhombic patch antenna with switchable polarization. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 16, 1639–1642.10.1109/LAWP.2017.2660069CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dewan, R, Rahim, MKA, Hamid, MR, Himdi, M, Majid, HA and Samsuri, NA (2018) HIS-EBG unit cells for pattern and frequency reconfigurable dual band array antenna. Progress in Electromagnetics Research M 76, 123–132.10.2528/PIERM18090202CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jin, G, Li, M, Liu, D and Zeng, G (2018) A simple planar pattern-reconfigurable antenna based on arc dipoles. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 17, 1664–1668.10.1109/LAWP.2018.2862624CrossRefGoogle Scholar