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Short stature and hypertension in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2007

Rosely Sichieri ,
Kamile Santos Siqueira ,
Rosangela Alves Pereira  and
Alberto Ascherio
Rosely Sichieri*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Epidemiologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua S. Francisco Xavier, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil:
Kamile Santos Siqueira
Affiliation:
Departamento de Epidemiologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua S. Francisco Xavier, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil:
Rosangela Alves Pereira
Affiliation:
Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ave M Trompovisky, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil:
Alberto Ascherio
Affiliation:
Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, USA.
*
*Corresponding author: Email sichieri@uerj.br
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Abstract

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Objective

Stature is a powerful indicator of poor nutrition early in life in nations where undernutrition is a public health problem. Hypertension in adults has been associated with factors present early in life such as low birth weight. We tested the hypothesis that short stature is associated with hypertension among adults.

Design and setting

A household survey of representative adults in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil was carried out in 1996.

Subjects

Blood pressure and anthropometric measures were collected from 2802 adults in their own households. Prevalence estimates and modelling incorporated the sample design and weights.

Results

Age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension for both sexes was lower in the third quartile of stature distribution. In women, but not in men, the odds ratio comparing the first quartile of stature with the fourth quartile was statistically significant with an odds ratio of 1.68 (95% CI 1.02–2.76). Adjusting for known risk factors for hypertension such as age, income, smoking, sodium and alcohol intake and race, the association among women, comparing the first with the fourth quartile for stature, was 1.84 (95% CI 1.03–3.30). With further adjustment for residual of weight on height the ratio reduced to 1.76 (95% CI 0.97–3.19, P value of trend = 0.03). Systolic blood pressure showed a U-shaped association with quartiles of stature, mainly among women, with a β-coefficient significantly lower at the third quartile.

Conclusions

This association of stature with hypertension supports the theory of an important ontogenetic dependence of adult blood pressure, at least among women.

Keywords

StatureRaceBrazilian adultsHypertensionObesityPopulationPrevalence
Type
Research Article
Information
Public Health Nutrition , Volume 3 , Issue 1 , March 2000 , pp. 77 - 82
Copyright
Copyright © CABI Publishing 2000

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