Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-zzh7m Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-28T04:00:53.970Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Discrepancy between Radiographic Damage and Functional Disability in Elderly People with Osteoarthritis: The Role of Pain Coping Strategies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 January 2013

Maria Izal ,
Almudena López-López ,
Ignacio Montorio  and
José Luis González
Maria Izal
Affiliation:
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain)
Almudena López-López*
Affiliation:
Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (Spain)
Ignacio Montorio
Affiliation:
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain)
José Luis González
Affiliation:
Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (Spain)
*
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Almudena López López. Departamento de Psicología. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Rey Juan Carlos. Avda. Atenas s/n, 28922 Alcorcón. Madrid. (Spain). Phone: +34-914889021. Fax: +34-914888956. E-Mail: almudena.lopez@urjc.es
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The aim of this study is twofold. First, to assess the level of agreement between radiographic damage and functional disability in older people with osteoarthritis. And second, to assess the role of coping skills and sensory pain parameters as sources of disagreement between these variables. To achieve this objective we assess, in a sample of 104 older people with osteoarthritis, the following variables: functional capacity, radiographic damage, pain coping strategies, pain intensity, pain frequency and pain duration. The results show a non-linear relationship between radiographic damage and functional disability, modified by the levels of the two variables. There was maximum agreement between low levels of radiographic damage and of functional impairment, whilst agreement decreased for moderate and high levels of radiographic damage. Certain coping strategies may help to explain this disparity.

El presente trabajo persigue un doble objetivo. Primero, evaluar el grado de concordancia entre el deterioro radiológico y el nivel de capacidad funcional en las personas mayores con artrosis. En segundo lugar, analizar las fuentes de disparidad de tal concordancia, para lo que se estudia el papel de los parámetros sensoriales del dolor y de las estrategias de afrontamiento ante el mismo. Para ello se evaluaron, en una muestra de 104 personas mayores con artrosis, la capacidad funcional, el grado de deterioro físico -afectación radiológica-, las estrategias de afrontamiento al dolor y los parámetros sensoriales del dolor de intensidad, frecuencia y duración. Los resultados mostraron que la relación entre el deterioro radiológico y funcional no varía linealmente, sino que depende de los niveles de ambas variables, existiendo una concordancia máxima entre niveles bajos de deterioro funcional y de deterioro radiológico, mientras que disminuye para niveles moderados o elevados de deterioro radiológico. Ciertas estrategias cognitivas y conductuales de afrontamiento evaluadas parecen ayudar a explicar tal disparidad.

Keywords

osteoarthritiselderlychronic paincoping strategiesradiographic damagefunctional disabilityartrosisvejezdolor crónicoestrategias de afrontamientodeterioro radiológicodiscapacidad funcional
Type
Research Article
Information
The Spanish Journal of Psychology , Volume 13 , Issue 2 , November 2010 , pp. 875 - 885
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American Geriatrics Society Panel on Persistent Pain in Older Persons (2002). Clinical practice guidelines: The management of persistent pain in older persons. Journal of American Geriatric Society, 50(6), 1–20Google Scholar
Altman, R. D., Fries, J. F., Bloch, D. A., Carstens, J., Cooke, T. D., & Genant, H., (1987). Radiographic assessment of progression in osteoarthritis. Arthritis and Rheumatism, 30, 214–25.Google Scholar
Auleley, G. R., Giradeau, B., Dougados, M., & Ravaud, P., (2000). Radiographic assessment of hip osteoarthritis progression: impact of Reading procedures for longitudinal studies. Annals of Rheumatic Diseases, 59, 422–427Google Scholar
Ay, S., & Evcik, D., (2008). Effectiveness of pain, disease severity and radiological grading on disability of daily living activities in knee osteoarthritis. Romatizma, 23, 14–17.Google Scholar
Batlle-Gualda, E., Esteve-Vives, J., Piera, M. C., Hargreaves, R., & Cutts, J. (1999). Adaptación transcultural del cuestionario WOMAC específico para artrosis de rodilla y cadera. [Transcultural adaptation of WOMAC questionnaire for knee and hip osteoarthritis]. Revista Española de Reumatología, 26, 38–45.Google Scholar
Bellamy, N., Buchanan, W. W., Goldsmith, C. H., Campbell, J., & Stitt, L. W. (1988). Validation study of WOMAC: A health status instrument for measuring clinically important patient relevant outcomes to antirheumatic drug therapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee. Journal of Rheumatology, 15, 1833–1840.Google Scholar
Bijlsma, J. W., (2002). Analgesia and the patient with osteoarthritis. American Journal Therapy, 9, 189–197Google Scholar
Bijsterbosch, J., Scharloo, M., Visser, A. W., Watt, I., Meulenbelt, I., Huizinga, T. W. et al. , (2009). Illness perceptions in patients with osteoarthritis: Change over time and association with disability. Arthritis and Rheumatism, 61, 1054–1061.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Botha-Scheepers, S., Riyazi, N., Kroon, H. M., Scharloo, M., Houwing-Duistermaat, J. J., Slagboom, E. et al. , (2006). Activity limitations in the lower extremities in patients with osteoarthritis: the modifying effects of illness perceptions and mental health. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 14, 1104–1110Google Scholar
Bruce, B., & Fries, J. (2004). Longitudinal comparison of the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Arthritis and Rheumatism, 51, 730–737.Google Scholar
Camacho, L. M., & Anarte, M. T., (2001). Importancia de las creencias en la modulación del dolor crónico: concepto y evaluación [Importance of pain beliefs in pain modulation:concep and evaluation]. Apuntes de Psicología, 19, 453–470Google Scholar
Camacho, L. M., & Anarte, M. T., (2003). Creencias, afrontamiento y estado de ánimo deprimido en pacientes con dolor crónico [Beliefs, coping, and depressive mood state in chronic pain patients]. Psicothema 15, 464–470Google Scholar
Carmona, L., Ballina, J., Gabriel, R., & Laffon, A. (2001). The burden of musculoskeletal diseases in the general population of Spain. Results from a national survey. Annals of The Rheumatic Diseases, 60, 1040–1045Google Scholar
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 2nd Ed. Hillsdate, NJ: LEA.Google Scholar
Dahaghin, S., Bierma-Zeinstra, S. M. A., Ginai, A. Z., Pols, H. A. P., Hazes, J. M. W., & Koes, B. W. (2005). Prevalence and pattern of radiographic hand osteoarthritis and association with pain and disability (the Rotterdam study). Annals of The Rheumatic Diseases, 64, 682–687CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dekker, J., Tola, P., Afdemkampe, G., & Winckers, M. (1993). Negative affect, pain and disability in osteoarthritis patients. The mediating role of muscle weakness. Behavioral Research and Therapy, 31, 203–206Google Scholar
Dozois, D. J. A., Dobson, K. S., Wong, M., Hughes, D., & Long, A. (1995). Factors associated with rehabilitation outcome in patients with low back pain (LBP): prediction of employment outcome at 9-month follow-up. Rehabilitation Psychology, 40, 243–259.Google Scholar
Esteve, R., López, A. E., & Ramírez, C. (1999). Evaluación de estrategias de afrontamiento al dolor crónico. [Asessment of pain coping strategies]. Revista de Psicología de la Salud, 11, 77–102Google Scholar
Esteve, R., Ramírez-Maestre, C., & López-Martínez, A. E., (2007). Adjustment to chronic pain: the role of pain acceptance, coping strategies, and pain-related cognitions. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 33, 179–188.Google Scholar
Esteve-Vives, J., Batlle-Gualda, E., & Reig, A., (1991). Adaptación del Heath Assessment Questionnaire a la población española. [Apatation of Heath Assessment Questionnaire to Spanish population]. Revista Española de Reumatología, 18, 258–262.Google Scholar
Esteve-Vives, J., Batlle-Gualda, E., Reig, A., & Grupo para la Adaptación del HAQ a la Población Española. (1993). Spanish version of the Health Assessment Questionnaire: reliability, validity and transcultural equivalency. Journal of Rheumatology, 20(12), 2116–2122.Google Scholar
Faucett, J. A., & Levine, J. D. (1991). The contributions of interpersonal conflict to chronic pain in the presence or absence of organic pathology. Pain, 44, 35–43Google Scholar
Fries, J. F., Spitz, P. W., & Young, D. Y. (1982). The dimensions of health outcomes: the Health Assessment Questionnaire, disability and pain scales. Journal of Rheumatology, 9, 789–793.Google ScholarPubMed
Gil, K. M., Williams, D. A., Keefe, F. J., & Beckham, J. C., (1990). The relationship of negative thoughts to pain and psychological distress. Behavior Therapy, 21, 349–362.Google Scholar
Hannan, M. T., Felson, D. T., & Pincus, T., (2000). Analysis of the discordance between radiographic changes and knee pain in osteoarthritis of the knee. Journal of Rheumatology, 27, 1513–1517Google ScholarPubMed
Hadjistavropoulos, T., Herr, K., Turk, D. C., Fine, P. G., Dworkin, R. H.; Helme, R. et al. , (2007). An Interdisciplinary Expert Consensus Statement on Assessment of Pain in Older Persons. The Clinical Journal of Pain, 23, 1–43.Google Scholar
Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. (1998). Multiple discriminant analysis and logistic regression. Multivariate data analysis (5th ed.) (pp. 239–325). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-HallGoogle Scholar
Heuts, P. H., Vlaeyen, J. W., Roelofs, J., Bie, R. A., Aretz, K., van Weel, C. et al. , (2004). Pain-related fear and daily functioning in patients with osteoarthritis. Pain, 110, 228–35.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Herr, K. (2005). Pain assessment in older adults with verbal communication skills. In: Gibson, J., & Weiner, D. K., eds. Pain in Older Adults (pp. 111–133). Seattle, WA: IASP Press,.Google Scholar
Herrero, A. M., Ramírez-Maestre, C., & González, V. (2008). Personality, Cognitive appraisal and adjustment in chronic pain patients. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 11, 531–542Google Scholar
Huberty, C. J., (1994). Applied discriminant analysis. New York: Wiley and Sons.Google Scholar
Huberty, C. J., & Lowman, L. L., (2000). Group Overlap as a Basis for Effect Size. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 60(4), 543–563Google Scholar
Hwang, D. Y. (2001). Issues in predictive discriminant analysis: Using and interpreting the leave-one-out jackknife method and the improvement-over chance “I” index effect size. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Southwest Educational Research Association, New Orleans, LA.Google Scholar
Jensen, M. P., Turner, J. A., & Romano, J. M. (2007). Changes after multidisciplinary pain treatment in patient pain beliefs and coping are associated with concurrent changes in patient functioning. Pain, 131, 38–47Google Scholar
Johansen, S. A. (2008). Cognitive features, self-management, and disability level associated with chronic back pain. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 69, 1373Google Scholar
Kean, W. F., Kean, R., & Buchanan, W. W., (2004). Osteoarthritis: Symptoms, sings and source of pain. Inflammopharmacology, 12, 3–31CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keefe, F. J. (1992). Behavioral and cognitive-behavioral approaches to chronic pain. Recent advances and future directions. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60, 528–536.Google Scholar
Keefe, F. J., Cadwell, D. S., Queen, K. T., Gil, K. M., Martíez, S., & Crisson, L., (1987). Pain coping strategies in osteoarthritis patients. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2, 208–212.Google Scholar
Kirkegaard, D., Yung, M., Hokland, M., Viidik, A., Olesen, F., Avlund, K. et al. , (2004). Negative Thoughts and Health: Associations Among Rumination, Immunity, and Health Care Utilization in a Young and Elderly Sample. Psychosomatic Medicine, 66, 363–371Google Scholar
Klecka, W. R. (1980). Discriminant analysis. Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences Series. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Lin, C., & Ward, S. E., (1996). Perceiver self-efficacy and outcome expectancies in coping with chronic low back pain. Research in Nursing and Health, 19, 299–310.3.0.CO;2-D>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
López, A., Montorio, I., Izal, M., & Velasco, L. (2008). The role of psychological variables in explaining depression in older people with chronic pain. Aging and mental health, 12, 735–745Google Scholar
Lopez-Martinez, A. E., Esteve-Zarazaga, R., & Ramírez-Maestre, C. (2008). Perceived social support and coping responses are independent variables explaining pain adjustment among chronic pain patients. Journal of Pain, 9, 373–379.Google Scholar
McCracken, L. M., Goetsch, V. L., & Semenchuk, E. M. (1998). Coping with pain produced by physical activity in persons with chronic low back pain: immediate assessment following a specific pain event. Behavioural Medicine, 24, 29–34Google Scholar
McCracken, L. M., & Vowles, K. E., (2007). Psychological flexibility and traditional pain management strategies in relation to patient functioning with chronic pain: an examination of a revised instrument. Journal of Pain, 8, 700–707.Google Scholar
McCracken, L. M., & Samuel, V. M., (2007). The role of avoidance, pacing, and other activity patterns in chronic pain. Pain, 130 (1–2), 119–125.Google Scholar
Molenaar, E. T. H., Voskuyl, A. E., & Dijkmans, B. A. C., (2002). Functional disability in relation to radiological damage and disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in remission. The Journal of Rheumatology, 29, 267–270Google Scholar
Murphy, H., Dickens, C., Creed, F., & Berstein, R., (1999). Depression, illness perception and coping in rheumatoid arthritis. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 46, 155–164.Google Scholar
National Advisory Mental Health Council Workgroup on Mental Disorders Prevention Research (2001), Priorities for Prevention Research at NIMH, Prevention & Treatment, 4, (www.journals.apa.org/prevention/volume4/pre0040017a.html)Google Scholar
Odding, E., Valkenburg, H. A., Algra, D., Vandernouweland, F. A., & Grobbee, D. E. (1998). Associations of radiologicalosteoarthritis of the hip and knee with locomotor disability in the Rotterdam Study, Annals of The Rheumatic Diseases, 57, 203–8.Google Scholar
Hofman, A., (1998). Associations of radiological osteoarthritis of the hip and knee with locomotor disability in the Rotterdam Study. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 57, 03–208.Google Scholar
Peat, G., Croft, P., & Hay, E., (2001). Clinical assessment of the osteoarthritis patient. Best Practice & Research, Clinical Rheumatology, 15, 527–544Google Scholar
Picavet, H. S., & Hazes, J. M., (2003). Prevalence of self reported musculoskeletal diseases is high. Annals of The Rheumatic Diseases, 62, 644–650Google Scholar
Patrick, M., Aldridge, S., Hamilton, E., Manhire, A., & Dohertu, M. (1989). A controlled study of hand function in nodal and erosive osteoarthritis. Annals of The Rheumatic Diseases, 48, 978–982.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ramírez-Maestre, C., Esteve, R., López-Martínez, A. E., & Anarte, M. T. (2001). Diferencias en la percepción de dolor relacionadas con las variables sexo y edad. Revista de la Sociedad Española de Dolor, 8, 562–568Google Scholar
Rapp, S. R., Rejeski, W., & Millar, M. E., (2000). Physical function among older adults with knee pain: The role of pain coping skills. Arthritis Care and Research, 13(5), 270–279Google Scholar
Robinson, M. E., Riley, J. L., Myers, C. D., Sadler, I. J., Kvaal, S. A., Geisser, M. E. et al. , (1997). The Coping Strategies Questionnaire: a large sample, item level factor analysis. Clinical Journal of Pain, 13, 43–49.Google Scholar
Rodriguez, M. J., Esteve, R., & López, A. E., (2000). Dolor crónico y estrategias de afrontamiento en dolor crónico oncológico. [Chronic pain and pain coping strategies in oncological pain] Psicothema, 12, 339–345.Google Scholar
Rosenberg, T., Paulos, L., Parker, R., Coward, D., & Scott, S. (1988). The forty-five-degree posteroanterior flexion weight-bearing radiograph of the knee. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery Am, 70, 1479–83.Google Scholar
Rosentiel, A. K., & Keefe, F. J., (1983). The use of coping strategies in chronic low back pain patients: relationship to patient characteristics and current adjustment. Pain, 17, 33–44.Google Scholar
Samuel, H. J. A., Evers, A. W. M., Crul, B. J. P., & Karrimaat, F. W. (2006). The role of helplessness, fear of pain, and passive pain-coping in chronic pain patients. Clinical Journal of Pain, 22, 245–251.Google Scholar
Schwab, A. J., (2003). Strategy for complete discriminant analysis. Class lecture notes power-point for sw388r7. Retrieved March 22, 2005, http://www.utexas.edu/Courses/schwab/sw38847/SolvingProblems.Google Scholar
Stephens, M. A. P., Druley, J. A., & Zautra, A., J. (2002). Older adults' recovery from surgery for osteoarthritis of the knee. psychosocial resources and constraints as predictors of outcomes. Health Psychology, 21, 377–383Google Scholar
Steultjens, M. P. M., Dekker, J., & Bijlsma, J. W. J. (2001). Coping pain and disability in osteoarthritis: a longitudinal study. Journal of Rheumatology, 28, 1068–1072Google Scholar
Sullivan, M. J. L., Bishop, S., & Pivik, J. (1995). The Pain Catastrophizing Scale: Development and validation. Psychological Assessment, 7, 524–532Google Scholar
Sullivan, M. J. L., Lynch, M. E., & Clark, A. J., (2005). Dimensions of catastrophic thinking associated with pain experience and disability in patients with neuropathic pain conditions. Pain, 113, 310–315.Google Scholar
Truyols, M. M., Pérez, J., Medinas, M. M., Palmer, A., & Sesé, A. (2008). Aspectos psicológicos relevantes en el estudio y tratamiento del dolor crónico. Clínica y Salud, 19, 295–320.Google Scholar
Tsai, Y. F., Chu, T. L., Lai, Y. H., & Chen, W. J. (2008). Pain experiences, control beliefs and coping strategies in Chinese elders with osteoarthritis. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 17, 596–603.Google Scholar
Turk, D. C., Rudy, T. E., & Sorkin, B. A., (1993). Neglected topics in chronic pain treatment outcome studies: determination of success. Pain, 53, 3–16Google Scholar
Turner, J. A., Dworkin, S. F., Mancl, L. L., Huggins, K. H., & Truelove, E. L., (2001). The roles of beliefs, catastrophizing, and coping in the functioning of patients with temporomandibular disorders. Pain, 92, 41–51.Google Scholar
Turner, J. A., Jensen, M. P., & Romano, J. M. (2000). Do beliefs, coping and catastrophizin independently predict functioning in patients with chronic pain? Pain, 85, 115–125Google Scholar
Turner, J. A., Jensen, M. P., Warms, C. A., & Cardenas, D. D., (2002). Catastrophizing is associated with pain intensity, psychological distress and pain related disability among individuals with chronic pain after spinal cord injury. Pain, 98, 127–134.Google Scholar
Vallejo, M. A. (2008). Perspectivas en el estudio y tratamiento psicológico del dolor crónico. [Perspectives in the study and psychological treatment of chronic pain] Clínica y Salud, 19, 417–430Google Scholar