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Advances and challenges in barcoding pathogenic and environmental Leptospira

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2017

VANINA GUERNIER ,
KATHRYN J. ALLAN  and
CYRILLE GOARANT Open the ORCID record for CYRILLE GOARANT [Opens in a new window]
VANINA GUERNIER
Affiliation:
Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, 1 James Cook Drive, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
KATHRYN J. ALLAN
Affiliation:
Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
CYRILLE GOARANT*
Affiliation:
Institut Pasteur in New Caledonia, Institut Pasteur International Network, Leptospirosis Research and Expertise Unit, Noumea, New Caledonia. 11 rue Paul Doumer, BP 61; 98845 Noumea cedex, New Caledonia
*
*Corresponding author: Institut Pasteur in New Caledonia, Institut Pasteur International Network, Leptospirosis Research and Expertise Unit, Noumea, New Caledonia. 11 rue Paul Doumer, BP 61; 98845 Noumea cedex, New Caledonia. E-mail: cgoarant@pasteur.nc
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Summary

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic bacterial disease of global importance. A large spectrum of asymptomatic animal hosts can carry the infection and contribute to the burden of human disease. Environmental sources of human contamination also point to the importance of a hydrotelluric reservoir. Leptospirosis can be caused by as many as 15 different pathogenic or intermediate Leptospira species. However, classification of these bacteria remains complicated through the use of both serological and genetic classification systems that show poor correlation. With the advent of molecular techniques, DNA-based barcoding offers a conceptual framework that can be used for leptospirosis surveillance as well as source tracking. In this review, we summarize some of the current techniques, highlight significant successes and weaknesses and point to the future opportunities and challenges to successfully establish a widely applicable barcoding scheme for Leptospira.

Keywords

Leptospiraepidemiologyzoonotic reservoirbarcodinggenotyping
Type
Special Issue Review
Information
Parasitology , Volume 145 , Special Issue 5: Advances and challenges in barcoding of microbes, parasites, and their vectors and reservoirs , April 2018 , pp. 595 - 607
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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