Elsevier

Polymer

Volume 49, Issue 15, 7 July 2008, Pages 3187-3204
Polymer

Feature Article
Polymer nanotechnology: Nanocomposites

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2008.04.017Get rights and content
Under a Creative Commons license
open access

Abstract

In the large field of nanotechnology, polymer matrix based nanocomposites have become a prominent area of current research and development. Exfoliated clay-based nanocomposites have dominated the polymer literature but there are a large number of other significant areas of current and emerging interest. This review will detail the technology involved with exfoliated clay-based nanocomposites and also include other important areas including barrier properties, flammability resistance, biomedical applications, electrical/electronic/optoelectronic applications and fuel cell interests. The important question of the “nano-effect” of nanoparticle or fiber inclusion relative to their larger scale counterparts is addressed relative to crystallization and glass transition behavior. Of course, other polymer (and composite)-based properties derive benefits from nanoscale filler or fiber addition and these are addressed.

Keywords

Nanotechnology
Nanocomposites
Exfoliated clay

Cited by (0)

Donald R. Paul holds the Ernest Cockrell, Sr. Chair in Engineering at the University of Texas at Austin and is also the Director of the Texas Materials Institute. He received degrees in Chemical Engineering from North Carolina State University (B.S.) and the University of Wisconsin (M.S. and Ph.D.) and then worked at the Chemstrand Research Center for two years. He joined the Department of Chemical Engineering at the University of Texas at Austin in 1967 where he served as Department Chairman during 1977–1985. His research has involved various aspects of polymer blends, membranes for separation, drug delivery, packaging, processing, and nanocomposites. His interests in nanocomposites include developing strategies for exfoliation of clays in polymers by melt processing and understanding the properties of the resulting materials. Synthesis, characterization, and performance are all integral parts of these research programs. He has edited numerous books on blends and membranes and has published approximately 570 research papers. He has received awards for teaching, research, and leadership from the University of Texas, ACS, AIChE, SPE, and the Council for Chemical Research. He has been designated a distinguished graduate of North Carolina State University and of the University of Wisconsin. He was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 1988 and to the Mexican Academy of Sciences in 2000. He has served as Editor of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, published by ACS, since 1986.

Lloyd M. Robeson received his B.S. in Chemical Engineering in 1964 (Purdue University) and his Ph.D. also in Chemical Engineering in 1967 (University of Maryland). He worked for Union Carbide from 1967 to 1986 and for Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. from 1986 to 2007 from where he retired last year. He is presently an Adjunct Professor at Lehigh University. His entire career has been involved with polymer science research and development with emphasis on polymer blends, membrane separation, physical property characterization of polymers, polymer permeability, polymer composites, polymers for emerging technologies and commercialization of a number of new polymers, polymer blends and composites. He is the (co)author of over 95 US Patents and over 95 publications. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering. His awards include the Applied Polymer Science award of ACS, Industrial Polymer Scientist award of the Polymer Division of ACS, induction into the Engineering Innovation Hall of Fame at University of Maryland, and several distinguished alumni awards from Purdue University and the University of Maryland. He is the coauthor of a book titled “Polymer–Polymer Miscibility” (1979) and the author of a book titled “Polymer Blends: A Comprehensive Review” (2007).

1

Tel.: +1 512 471 5392.