Immunolocalization of retinoic acid receptors in the mammalian olfactory system and the effects of olfactory denervation on receptor distribution
Section snippets
Animal subjects
Fifty-four male Swiss Webster mice ranging in age from 8–10 weeks were purchased from Charles River Laboratories (Wilmington, MA, USA) and housed individually in standard plastic cages under a 12-h light/dark cycles. The mice were given food and water ab libitum. All surgical and treatment procedures were conducted in accordance with the Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at the Monell Center approved the
Localization of RARs-ir in the adult mouse olfactory system
Fig. 1 shows the cellular localization of RARα, RARβ, and RARγ in the unoperated side of the olfactory system of post-surgical day 2 mice given oil. In the respiratory epithelium, both RARα-ir (Fig. 1A, B) and RARβ-ir (Fig. 1C, D) were observed in some respiratory cells, whereas no RARγ-ir was observed (Fig. 1E, F). In the OE of the septum, RARα-ir was observed in flask-shaped cells whose cell bodies were located in the supporting cell layer (Fig. 1G). A closer examination of an RARα-ir
Discussion
In this study, we have localized specific RAR proteins in several cell populations of the olfactory system of the adult mouse and found that olfactory denervation and ATRA treatment each induced a higher number of RARα-ir cells in the operated OE. These results, together with our previous behavioral findings, imply that the ATRA-signaling pathway is involved in regeneration and recovery of the OE in the adult olfactory system.
Acknowledgments
The authors thank Sarah Herman, Tatyana Dankulich, and Anna Demidova for their assistance in immunocytochemistry and Hakan Ozdener for his assistance with Western blot. The authors also thank Dr. Frank Margolis and Dr. James Schwob for generously providing antibodies. This study was supported by the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders DC04645 (K.K.Y.), DC02876 and the National Science Foundation DBI-0216310 (N.E.R.).
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