Original articleMetabolic Syndrome Rates in United States Adolescents, from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2002
Section snippets
Methods
The study samples were derived from the most recent NHANES, 1999 to 2002. This was the only sample available that had released all data needed for the inclusion, exclusion criteria, and the outcome variables. These surveys, through a multistage stratified design, collect nationally representative samples of the non-institutionalized civilian US population. Trained interviewers, with the aid of a computer-assisted personal interview system, conducted home interviews. Participants then attended
Results
Table II shows the prevalence of each component of the metabolic syndrome when each definition was applied. The first column shows the overall percentage of adolescents who meet each criterion cutoff point as defined in Table I. The columns of data to the right show the percentage of teens who met each criterion when stratified by sex, racial group, and weight status. In general, rates were highest when the definition by Cook/Ford was applied, followed by the adult criteria. The criteria used
Discussion
The “metabolic syndrome” is a term used to describe the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents, particularly those who are overweight or obese. This clustering of risk factors was described in children long before the term “metabolic syndrome” emerged.21, 22, 23, 24 With cross-sectional studies, a number of cardiovascular risk factors have been revealed to cluster at a higher rate than would be expected by chance, including measures of blood pressure, lipid
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