Development of an LC-MS/MS method for quantitative analysis of Chlorogenic acid in human plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study in Chinese patients with advanced solid tumor
Section snippets
Introdution
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a kind of depside formed by caffeic acid and quinic acid, which is commonly found in some food or traditional Chinese medicine herb, such as coffee, green tea, Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, Cortex Eucommiae, etc. CGA is one of the major ingredients in many traditional Chinese medicine injections or tablets including Mailuoning injection [1], Reduning injection [2], Shuanghua Baihe tablets [3]. It has protective effect against the myocarditis, cerebral ischemia,
Chemicals, materials and reagents
Chlorogenic acid and neochlorogenic acid (IS) (Fig. 1) were purchased from the National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products. Chlorogenic acid injection (lyophilized powder) was supplied by Sichuan Jiu zhang Biotechnological Co., Ltd. (China). Methanol (HPLC grade) was purchased from Honeywell Burdick & Jackson (Muskegon, ML, USA). Formic acid was supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). HPLC grade water was obtained using a Milli Q system (Millipore,
Extraction method optimization
The aim of sample preparation was to remove interferences and extract the analyte from the plasma samples. In this study, a simple and economical protein precipitation method was developed. Methanol and acetonitrile were investigated to identify the more efficient precipitating agent for the sample extraction and less endogenous interference, and the result showed that methanol offered a clean chromatogram for a blank plasma sample. Chlorogenic acid is susceptible to oxidation under the light
Conclusion
A simple, specific, rapid analytical method had been developed and validated for the determination of CGA in human plasma. Simple protein precipitation extraction procedure and short run time can increase sample throughput that is important for large sample batches. This method was firstly applied to determine the CGA concentration in human plasma from Chinese patient with advanced solid tumor after intramuscular injection of CAFI and the corresponding PK parameters were also reported. The
Funding
This work was supported by National Science and Technology Major Projects (Grant No. 2016ZX09101017) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81602655).
Declaration of Competing Interest
All authors involved in this experiment claim that there are no conflicts of interest.
Acknowledgment
The authors would like to thank Sichuan J.Z. Bio-chemical Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd for supplying CAFI.
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2022, Food ChemistryCitation Excerpt :Except tea, CA actually also provides important contribution towards the beneficial properties of coffee bean, as well as some other herbal teas or herbal medicines, such as Lonicerae japonicae Flos (Tang, Li, Chen, Guo, & Li, 2008), Inulae Flos (Cao et al., 2020), etc. Noteworthily, CA is undergoing clinical trials as a new anti-cancer agent candidate (Xue et al., 2017; Yang et al., 2020), attributing to the pronounced pharmacological performances. Just similar to the two edges of the sword, the structural features including a carboxyl group, ester group along with as many as five hydroxy moieties, lead to the dramatic pharmacological advantages at one side, and result in a labile disadvantage when the exposure to hydrophilic solvents (Dawidowicz & Typek, 2010, 2015) or metabolism enzymes (Xie et al., 2011) on the other side.
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2021, Phytomedicine PlusCitation Excerpt :Its main active ingredients are phenolic acids and flavonoids (Peng et al., 2005). Chlorogenic acid (21), a bitter substance formed by caffeic acid and quinic acid, is a representative substance of honeysuckle and can also be found in Eucommia, tea and coffee (Jung et al., 2014; Yang et al., 2020b; Zhang et al., 2008). Due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiviral activities, 21 exerts protective effects on myocarditis, cerebral ischaemia, hypertension, and liver damage (Lee et al., 2012; Zhao et al., 2012), and its anticancer and gastric protective effects have also been confirmed in recent years (Cristians et al., 2013; Hou et al., 2017; Lee et al., 2017; Liu et al., 2013; Xu et al., 2013; Xue et al., 2017).
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Fen Yang and Ji fang Gong are co-first authors.