Antibacterial Activity of Endodontic Sealers by Modified Direct Contact Test Against Enterococcus faecalis

doi:10.1016/j.joen.2009.04.022

Journal of Endodontics

Volume 35, Issue 7, July 2009, Pages 1051-1055

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2009.04.022 Get rights and content

Abstract

Introduction

The antibacterial effectiveness of 7 different endodontic sealers, AH Plus, Apexit Plus, iRoot SP, Tubli Seal, Sealapex, Epiphany SE, and EndoRez against Enterococcus faecalis was studied in vitro.

Methods

A modified direct contact test was used. Bacteria in suspension were exposed to the materials for 2–60 minutes by using sealers that were freshly mixed or set for 1, 3, and 7 days. The pH values and contact angles of sterile water on sealers at different times after setting were also measured.

Results

Fresh iRoot SP killed all bacteria in 2 minutes, AH Plus in 5 minutes, EndoRez in 20 minutes, and Sealapex and Epiphany in 60 minutes. Freshly mixed Apexit Plus and Tubli Seal failed to kill all bacteria at 60 minutes. For 1-day and 3-day samples, iRoot SP and EndoRez had the strongest antibacterial activity, followed by Sealapex and Epiphany; Tubli Seal and AH Plus did n'ot show any significant antibacterial activity. Of all the samples, Apexit Plus had the lowest antimicrobial activity. The pH of the sealers could not alone explain their antibacterial effect.

Conclusions

Fresh iRoot SP, AH Plus, and EndoRez killed E. faecalis effectively. IRoot SP and EndoRez continued to be effective for 3 and 7 days after mixing. Sealapex and EndoRez were the only ones with antimicrobial activity even at 7 days after mixing.

Section snippets

Sealers

Seven endodontic sealers were used in this study: an epoxy resin–based sealer, AH Plus (Dentsply International Inc, York, PA); 2 polymethacrylate resin–based sealers, Epiphany SE (Pentron Clinical Technologies LLC, Wallingford, CT) and EndoRez (Ultradent, South Jordan, UT); 2 calcium hydroxide–based sealers, Apexit Plus (Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) and Sealapex (SybronEndo Corporation, Orange, CA); a calcium hydroxide–calcium silicate complex sealer, iRoot SP; and a zinc

Results

The results of the antibacterial effects of the endodontic sealers from modified DCT are presented in Fig. 1. Fresh sealers and sealers set for 1, 3, and 7 days showed differences in their activity against E. faecalis. The antibacterial effect of the sealers was relatively stable for up to 3 days. However, after 7 days most sealers had lost much of their antibacterial effect except for Sealapex and EndoRez.

Fresh iRoot SP eradicated all bacteria within 2 minutes of contact. Fresh AH Plus and

Discussion

An ideal endodontic sealer should be biocompatible and dimensionally stable; it should seal well and have a strong, long-lasting antimicrobial effect 15, 16, 17. Antibacterial activity of sealers might help to eliminate residual microorganisms that have survived the chemomechanical instrumentation and thereby improve the success rate of endodontic treatment. One of the challenges in endodontic research has been the lack of standardized in vitro and in vivo protocols for the testing of the

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Basic ResearchAntibacterial Activity of Endodontic Sealers by Modified Direct Contact Test Against Enterococcus faecalis

Abstract

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Section snippets

Sealers

Results

Discussion

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Cement and Concrete Research

Biomaterials

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Basic Research
Antibacterial Activity of Endodontic Sealers by Modified Direct Contact Test Against Enterococcus faecalis