Potential roles of cytokines and chemokines in human intervertebral disc degeneration: interleukin-1 is a master regulator of catabolic processes
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Keywords
Cytokine
Chemokine receptors
Intervertebral disc degeneration
Interleukin-1
List of Abbreviations
IVD
intervertebral disc
ECM
extracellular matrix
MMP
matrix metalloproteinase
ADAMTS
a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif
IL-
interleukin-
TNF-
tumour necrosis factor
NP
nucleus pulposus
CCL
C–C chemokine ligand
CXCL
C-X-C chemokine ligand
CD
cluster of differentiation
CCR
C–C chemokine receptor
CXCR
C-X-C chemokine receptor
PM
post-mortem
AF
annulus fibrosus
CEP
cartilaginous end plate
IHC
immunohistochemistry
TBS
Tris-buffered saline
Ig
immunoglobulin
DMEM
Dulbecco's modified eagle medium
RNA
ribonucleic acid
cDNA
complementary deoxyribonucleic acid
PCR
polymerase chain reaction
GAPDH
glyceraldehyde 3-phospate dehydrogenase
18S
18S ribosomal RNA
IFN
interferon
CSF
colony stimulating factor
SEM
standard error of the mean
VEGF
vascular endothelial growth factor
NF
nuclear factor
PDAR
pre-designed assay reagent
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