Vapour pressures and isobaric (vapour + liquid) equilibrium data for the binary system of (RS-4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene + ZE-3-pentenenitrile) at (50.0 and 100.0) kPa

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Highlights

  • The customised apparatus was in a homogeneous steady heating within sampling continuously.

  • The saturated vapour pressures data of ZE-3-pentenenitrile are reported.

  • (Vapour + liquid) equilibrium (VLE) data for the binary system at P = (50 and 100) kPa were measured.

  • The activity coefficients and the reduced excess molar Gibbs energy were calculated by Margules equation.

Abstract

In this work, great efforts have been made to achieve the large-scale industrial separation of RS-4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene and ZE-3-pentenenitrile. Initially, the vapour pressures of ZE-3-pentenenitrile were determined. The experimental values were correlated by an Antoine-type equation, and the predicted results of vapour pressures showed that the average relative deviation from experimental values was 0.254% for ZE-3-pentenenitrile. Then the isobaric (vapour + liquid) equilibria data of RS-4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene and ZE-3-pentenenitrile were determined at (50.0 and 100.0) kPa. These experimental values were found to be thermodynamically consistent, by means of the point-to-point test and the direct test methods. Two liquid phase activity coefficient models (Wilson and NRTL) were used to correlate the (vapour + liquid) equilibria data of the binary system, and the model parameters were obtained. All models represent the experimental values quite well. The activity coefficients and the reduced excess molar Gibbs energy were calculated by Margules equation, which were found to be in satisfactory agreement with the experimental values.

Introduction

ZE-3-pentenenitrile (3PN) is an important intermediate in the production of commercially versatile adiponitrile (ADN), as the few examples of large-scale industrial application of alkene hydrocyanation [1], [2]. RS-4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene (4VCH) is routinely obtained as the major non-hydrocyanation side product [3], [4]. It is highly necessary to find a good solution for the separation of this two bulk products. Distillation exhibits its superiority compared with other separation methods, especially in achieving economies of large-scale industrial operation. The prerequisite for the design of distillation processes is a reliable knowledge of the vapour pressures of the pure compounds and (vapour + liquid) equilibrium (VLE). Although the vapour pressures of RS-4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene were reported in the literature [5], the vapour pressures of ZE-3-pentenenitrile and isobaric VLE for the binary system of (RS-4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene + ZE-3-pentenenitrile) have not been reported currently.

In this work, the vapour pressures of the pure components and isobaric VLE of the binary system at (50.0 and 100.0) kPa were measured and correlated using the adequate modelling equations. The relevant parameters were given. This could provide the basic data of the system for distillation process.

Section snippets

Chemicals

The chemicals RS-4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene and ZE-3-pentenenitrile were all obtained commercially and then purified by rectification with about 100 theoretical plates in our laboratory before use. The specifications of the used chemicals are listed in table 1.

Apparatus and procedures

The apparatus is designed for the measurements of the vapour pressure of the pure compounds and the isobaric VLE of the binary system. A schematic representation is shown in figure 1. This device is equipped with a stainless steel (vapour + 

Pure component vapour pressures

The pure component vapour pressures of ZE-3-pentenenitrile were determined, and the pertinent results are shown in table 2. The measured vapour pressures are correlated using the Antoine equation:ln(Pis/kPa)=A-B/{(T/K)+C}where Pis, T are the vapour pressure and absolute temperature of the pure components, respectively. The parameters A, B and C are fitted by a non-linear optimisation method to minimise the average relative deviation in pressure (ARDP) and are reported in table 3. The calculated

Conclusions

In this work, the vapour pressures of ZE-3-pentenenitrile were measured and correlated with the Antoine equation. The isobaric VLE data of the binary system (RS-4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene + ZE-3-pentenenitrile) were measured at (50.0 and 100.0) kPa, and the results were tested for thermodynamic consistency using both the point-to-point test and the direct test. The VLE values were correlated with Wilson and NRTL models, which were equally matched in this research. The activity coefficients and the

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