Effect of ammonium nitrogen concentration on the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria community in a membrane bioreactor for the treatment of anaerobically digested swine wastewater
Section snippets
Experimental design and MBR operation strategy
The reactor was made of Plexiglas and had a working volume of 40 L (W 28 × L 46 × H 31 cm). The reactor was divided by a baffle into two parts: the biofilm zone (B zone) and the membrane zone (M zone) with volumes of 26.7 L and 13.3 L, respectively. A recycle ratio of 400% was maintained between the B and M zones. The B zone was filled with polyethylene carriers (diameter of 25 mm, height of 9 mm, porosity of 95%, specific surface area 500 of m2 m−3 and filling rate of 50%). The membrane module
Nitrogen removal in the MBR
The effluent nitrogen concentrations of MBR, including the NH4+-N, NO2−-N and NO3−-N concentrations, are shown in Table 2. The influent and effluent nitrogen concentrations are shown in Fig. 1A. With decreasing TN loading rates, the ammonium nitrogen removal efficiency in M-zone was 0.18, 0.08, 0.04 and 0.03 kgNkgMLSS−1d−1 for four stages respectively, and the effluent NH4+-N concentration decreased. Similar ammonium removal efficiency of 0.03–0.04 kg N kg MLSS−1 d−1 was reported by Deng et al.
Effect of ammonium nitrogen concentrations on AOB community
The AOB diversity declined as the influent ammonium nitrogen concentration decreased dramatically, with average values of Shannon–Weiner indices of 0.955, 0.967, 0.886 and 0.301 in B zone and 0.987, 0.971, 0.741 and 0.352 in M zone from stage I to IV, respectively, indicating that the ammonium nitrogen concentration could be a key factor in altering AOB community. As shown in Fig. 4, samples from stage I to II were positively influenced by the ammonium nitrogen concentration, whereas the
Acknowledgments
Funding was provided by Non-profit Research Foundation for Agriculture (201303091) and China Agriculture Research System (CARS-36).
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