Expert Consensus Document
2018 ACC/HRS/NASCI/SCAI/SCCT Expert Consensus Document on Optimal Use of Ionizing Radiation in Cardiovascular Imaging: Best Practices for Safety and Effectiveness: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Task Force on Expert Consensus Decision Pathways

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Key Words

ACC Expert Consensus Document
nuclear cardiology
positron emission tomography radiation
radiation risk
radiation safety
single-photon computed tomography
x-ray computed tomography
x-ray fluoroscopy

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This document was approved by the American College of Cardiology Clinical Policy Approval Committee in November 2017 and by the approval bodies of the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), North American Society for Cardiovascular Imaging (NASCI), Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI), and Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography (SCCT) in January 2018.

The American College of Cardiology Foundation requests that this document be cited as follows: Hirshfeld JW Jr, Ferrari VA, Bengel FM, Bergersen L, Chambers CE, Einstein AJ, Eisenberg MJ, Fogel MA, Gerber TC, Haines DE, Laskey WK, Limacher MC, Nichols KJ, Pryma DA, Raff GL, Rubin GD, Smith D, Stillman AE, Thomas SA, Tsai TT, Wagner LK, Wann LS. 2018 ACC/HRS/NASCI/SCAI/SCCT expert consensus document on optimal use of ionizing radiation in cardiovascular imaging: best practices for safety and effectiveness: a report of the American College of Cardiology Task Force on Clinical Expert Consensus Documents. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018;71:e283–351.

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Permissions: Multiple copies, modification, alteration, enhancement, and/or distribution of this document are not permitted without the express permission of the American College of Cardiology. Requests may be completed online via the Elsevier site (http://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/copyright/permissions).

Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Representative.

Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions Representative.

Heart Rhythm Society Representative.

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American Society of Nuclear Cardiology Representative.

Society for Cardiovascular Computed Tomography Representative.

North American Society for Cardiovascular Imaging Representative.

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Mended Hearts Representative. Authors with no symbol by their name were included to provide additional content expertise.